The World Flora Online

Fronds free floating on water surface, 1-8 coherent in one small group, without green stalk at base (but with a thin white stipe connecting fronds), shiny green, sometimes reddish on upper surface, scarcely reddish on lower surface (always deeper red on upper surface than on lower), obovate to elliptic, 2-6(-10) mm, 1.3-2 × as long as wide, flat, with mostly distinct papillae on upper surface near apex and above node, margin entire, base rounded; veins 3(-5), nearly reaching apex, greatest distance between lateral veins near or proximal to middle. Root 0.5-15 cm, sheath not winged, apex mostly rounded. Turions absent. Ovary with 1 ovule; utricular scale with narrow opening at apex. Fruit winged laterally toward apex. Seed with 10-16 distinct ribs. Fl. (rare) May-Sep. 2n = 20, 40, 42, 50, 63, 126.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Roots to 15 cm, tip mostly rounded; sheath not winged. Stipes white, small, often decaying. Fronds floating, 1 or 2--5 or more, coherent in groups, ovate, scarcely gibbous, flat, 1--8 mm, 1.3--2 times as long as wide, margins entire; veins 3(--5) (if more than 3, outer ones branching from inner ones), greatest distance between lateral veins near or proximal to middle; papillae not always distinct (one near apex usually larger); lower surface very seldom slightly reddish (much less than on upper), coloring beginning from attachment point of root, upper surface occasionally diffusely reddish; air spaces 0.3 mm or shorter; distinct turions absent. Flowers: ovaries 1-ovulate, utricular scale with narrow opening at apex. Fruits 0.8--1 mm, laterally winged toward apex. Seeds with 8--15 distinct ribs, staying within fruit wall after ripening. 2n = 40, 42 (B), 50, 63, 126.

Source: [
• 9
]. 

Thallus rotund to elliptic or obovate, (1.5–)2.5–6 mm, nearly symmetrical, commonly in groups of 2–5, very often anthocyanic beneath, dark green above, or anthocyanic on both sides, ± evidently 3-nerved, usually flat or only slightly convex on both sides, the upper surface with ± prominent papillae; spathe sac-like, open only at the top; fr not winged; seed solitary, smooth or only inconspicuously ribbed; 2n=20, 30, 40, 50. Nearly cosmop., and common throughout our range. (L. obscura, a small form; L. turionifera, overwintering by small, rootless turions at the bottom of the water)

Source: [
• 12
]. 

Fronds free floating, almost symmetrical, elliptical to ovate-obovate or oblong, 1.5-4 x 1.5-3 mm, flat on both surfaces, never gibbous and ± rounded apices, usually green above, solitary or several joined together by a hyaline stipe. Papillae absent or if present only at apex and above node with many meshes. Roots solitary with a wingless sheath, root cap obtuse, floral pocket lateral. Flowering specimens not seen.

Source: [
• 14
]. 

Root solitary, arising along a shallow groove; sheath unwinged; root-cap obtuse.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Su yüzeyinde serbest yüzen bitkiler. Tek tek veya kısa zarsı saplar ile birbirlerine bağlı 2-4(-5) bireyli öbeklerde. Fırontlar 2-5 × 1,5-4,5 mm, tersyumurtamsı ilâ eliptik, eliptik-dikdörtgensi, hemen hemen simetrik; her iki yüzeyde yassı ilâ hafifçe dışbükey; koyu yeşil; uçta hafifçe küçük kabarcıklı ya da kabarcık bulunmaz; kenarda bazen şeffaf zarsı; altta yüzey bazen mor ilâ kırmızımsı-mor pigmentli; üst yüzey pigmentsiz, nadiren kenarlarda kırmızı-mor pigmentli. Damarlar genellikle 3 adet, nadiren 4-5 adet, belirgin değil; Kökşapkası düz, uçta yuvarlağımsı. Çiçekdurumu 1 dişi ve 2 erkek çiçekli; torbacık şekilli sıpata sadece tepeden açılır. Meyve geniş yumurtamsı, kanatsız; tohum 1 adet, tersyumurtamsı. Uyku tomurcuğu oluşturmaz veya nadiren yüksek rakımlardaki popülasyonlarda rastlanır; turiyon kısa köklü.

Thallus dark green, symmetrical, flat, oblong-ovate. 2.5–6 mm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide, rather obscurely 3-nerved, without large airspaces evident beneath.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Free-floating aquatic.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Seed solitary, not ribbed, reticulate.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Pistillate flower solitary.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Staminate flowers 2, each with a single stamen.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Floral pocket lateral; spathe open at the top.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Fig. 1/3, p. 3.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Frondes flottantes; limbe de 1-8 (-10) mm de long sur 0,6-5 (-7) mm de large, 1 1/3-2 fois aussi long que large, jamais épais de plus de 1 mm, à 3(-5) nervures, les externes, lorsqu'il y en a plus de 3, partant du bas des nervures latérales internes; racines à gaine tubulaire non ailée, à coiffe ordinairement arrondie sur le frais et sur le sec, ne dépassant pas 1,2 mm de long.' Fleurs occasionnelles; ovule 1. Graine 1, de 0,7-1 mm de long sur 0,4-0,6 mm d'épaisseur, à 10-16 côtes, restant à l'intérieur du péricarpe après maturation.

Source: [
• 10
]. 

Sehr klein, auf der Wasseroberfläche schwimmend, aus einem flachen, ovalen bis kreisrunden, 2–6 mm langen, 3–5nervigen blattartigen Spross und einer einzigen daran hängenden, bis 10 cm langen Wurzel bestehend. Die Sprosse vermehren sich vegetativ u

Source: [
• 11
]. 

Aquatic herb. Root sheath not winged. Root tip mostly rounded. Roots often longer than 30 mm. Fronds often red below, or with red spots on either side, ± round.

Source: [
• 13
]. 

Minute, floating aquatic forming colonies. Leaves thin. Flowers minute.

Source: [
• 15
]. 

5–9. Stehende und langsam fliessende, nährstoffreiche Gewässer, kollin-subalpin. CH.

Source: [
• 11
]. 

Eaux douces stagnantes.

Source: [
• 10
]. 

Dams, pools.

Source: [
• 13
]. 

Pools.

Source: [
• 15
]. 

Afrique intertropicale orientale et Afrique du Sud. Indigène vraisemblablement dans toute l'Europe sauf l'Islande et la Scandinavie arctique, en Asie occidentale et centrale, dans le sud-ouest de l'Arabie, en Amérique du Nord tempérée, en Afrique du Nord. Probablement seulement naturalisé dans le sud-ouest de l'Australie et en Nouvelle-Zélande.

Source: [
• 10
]. 

Uitenhage, cosmopolitan.

Source: [
• 15
].