The World Flora Online

Stem 30-50 cm tall, branched, pubescent. Petiole 1-2.5 cm, hairy; leaf blade ovate or ovate-rhombic, 3-4.5 × 1.5-2.5 cm, abaxially pilose, adaxially nearly glabrous, base cuneate, margin undulate, apex acute or notched, with a mucro. Complex thyrsoid structures terminal, slender, somewhat drooping at apex and in spikes. Bracts and bracteoles subulate, lanceolate, 3.5-4 mm, distinctly long pointed, longer than perianth. Tepals oblong-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, apex acute, with a mucro. Stamens nearly as long as or slightly longer than perianth; stigmas 3. Utricles ovoid, longer than perianth, ca. 2 mm, circumscissile. Seeds black, subglobose, ca. 1 mm in diam. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 24, 32*, 33, 34.

Source: [
• 9
]. 

Plants glabrous or glabrescent, or distal parts of stem and branches slightly pubescent when young. Stems erect, green or sometimes reddish purple, rarely under-developed plants ascending, branched to nearly simple, 0.3-2(-2.5) m. Leaves: petiole ¹/2 as long as to equaling blade; blade ovate, rhombic-ovate, or lanceolate, (2-)4-15 × (1-)2-6 cm, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse, with mucro. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, erect or reflexed, occasionally nodding, green or olive green, occasionally with silvery or reddish purple tint, leafless at least distally, terrminal inflorescence often slightly nodding with numerous shorter branches at base. Bracts lanceolate-linear to subulate, 2-3.5(-4) mm, subequal to or 2 times as long as tepals }, apex spinescent. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, lanceolate to lanceolate-linear, subequal or unequal, 1.5-3 mm, membranaceous, apex acute or acuminate, gradually narrowing into aristate tip; style branches erect, shorter than body of fruit; stigmas 3. Staminate flowers at tips of inflorescences; tepals 5; stamens (4-)5. Utricles obovoid or elongate-ovoid, 1.5-2.5 mm, shorter than tepals, smooth proximally, lid verrucose or rugose, dehiscence regularly circumscissile, or rarely in some presumably hybrid forms, irregularly dehiscent or indehiscent. Seeds black to dark reddish brown, lenticular to lenticular-globose, 1-1.3 mm, smooth, shiny.

Source: [
• 10
]. 

Amaranthus hybridus L., Sp. Pl. 990. 1753.

Anuales, tallos erectos, glabros abajo, tornándose subglabros o escasamente pubescentes hacia arriba con tricomas de hasta 1 mm de largo, muy delgados e irregularmente doblados; monoicas. Hojas acuminadas o agudas hacia el ápice con la punta obtusa, glabras, escasamente pubescentes sólo en los nervios, con tricomas delgados e irregularmente doblados. Cimas frecuentemente con un número reducido de ramitas, inflorescencia compacta, partes espiciformes terminales en el tallo, en las ramas y en las axilas de las hojas superiores caulinares, las terminales con muchas ramas laterales con cimas densamente agregadas, cimas superiores de las partes compactas con 1–4 flores estaminadas, bráctea angostamente triangular o angostamente ovada, 2.5–3 mm de largo, casi hialina, nervio principal largamente excurrente, bractéolas más largas que las flores, las 2 inferiores angostamente ovadas con el nervio principal fuerte, las superiores similares; flores estaminadas con 5 tépalos desiguales, ampliamente lanceolados, algo cimbiformes, el más largo 2.5–2.9 mm de largo, los otros 2–2.3 mm de largo, más anchos cerca de la mitad, acuminados en el ápice, filamentos 0.7–1.4 mm de largo, anteras 0.8–1 mm de largo; flores pistiladas con 5 tépalos desiguales, membranáceos; estigmas (2) 3, 0.5–0.7 mm de largo. Utrículo escarioso y delgado, frecuentemente liso o algo rugulado sólo en la mitad superior, circuncísil; semilla lenticular, 0.9–1.1 mm de diámetro, muy finamente reticulada, café obscura lustrosa.

Esta especie se distribuye en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales y parte de las regiones templadas del mundo. Consta de dos subespecies, una de las cuales es cultivada.

Source: [
• 11
]. 

Rather coarse often pubescent annuals to 2.5 m. high with ascending branches. Leaves pubescent or glabrous, entire to minutely crenulate, deltoid- to rhombic- ovate, apically rounded to acute, often mucronate, basally acute to rounded, 2-15 cm. long, 1-7 cm. broad; petioles 1-8 cm. long. Inflorescences of congested thyrses racemosely disposed, the terminal and axillary thyrses mostly cylindric, 6-12 mm. broad. Flowers polygamo-monoecious or monoecious; bracts and bracteoles subequal, lanceolate to ovate, 2-4 mm. long, often conspicuously longer than the flowers; sepals lanceolate to ovate or obovate, acute to acuminate, 1.5-2.5 mm. long, the midribs dark green, the margins scariose, rarely tinged with anthocyanins; stamens 5, discrete, 1-3 mm. long; ovary ovoid; styles (2-) 3, conical; stigmata (2-) 3, fimbrillate. Fruit a slightly rugose compressed ovoid utricle, circum- scissile near the middle, 2-2.5 mm. long; seeds cochleate-orbiculate, reddish brown to black, minutely reticulate, 1-1.3 mm. broad.

Source: [
• 12
]. 

Annual herb, erect or less commonly ascending, up to c. 2 (-3) m in height, not infrequently reddish-tinted throughout. Stems stout, branched, angular, glabrous or thinly to moderately furnished with short or long multicellular hairs (increasingly so above, especially in the inflorescence). Leaves glabrous, or thinly pilose on the lower margins and underside of the primary nervation, long-petiolate (petioles up to 15 cm but even then scarcely exceeding the lamina), lamina broadly lanceolate to rhomboid or ovate, 3-19 (-30) x 1.5-8 (-12) cm, gradually narrowed to the blunt to subacute mucronulate tip, attenuate or shortly cuneate into the petiole below. Flowers in yellowish, green, reddish or purple axillary and terminal spikes formed of cymose clusters, which are increasingly closely approximate upwards, the terminal inflorescence varying from a single spike to a broad, much-branched, panicle up to c. 45 x 25 cm: in length and breadth, the ultimate spike not infrequently nodding; male and female flowers intermixed throughout the spikes. Bracts and bracteoles deltoid-ovate to deltoid-lanceolate, pale-membranous, acuminate and with a long, pale to reddish-tipped, erect arista formed by the stout, excurrent, yellow or greenish midrib, subequalling to much exceeding the perianth. Perianth segments (3-)5, 1.5-3.5 mm, lanceolate or oblong, acute-aristate or the inner sometimes blunt in the female flowers, only the midrib at most greenish. Stigmas (2-) 3, erect, flexuose or recurved, c. 0.75-1.25 mm. Capsule subglobose to ovoid or ovoid-urceolate, 2-3 mm, circumscissile, with a moderately distinct to obsolete “neck”, lid smooth, longitudinally sulcate, or sometimes rugulose below the neck. Seed black and shining or pale, compres¬sed, 0.75-1.25 mm, almost smooth centrally, faintly reticulate around the margins.

Source: [
• 14
]. 

Annual erect herb up to 1.5 m tall, rarely taller, often much branched; stems sparsely puberulous when young, soon becoming glabrous, longitudinally ridged or sulcate when dry, ± purple. Leaves long petiolate, petioles up to 10 cm, sparsely and minutely puberulous; lamina ovate-oblong to lanceolate, base often somewhat decurrent, apex gradually narrowed, obtuse, shortly mucronate; dark green on upper surface, ± purple on the flower; nerves often hairy on both sides. Inflorescences of axillary and terminal pseudo-spikes, erect or, at the top of the panicle, ± drooping; the whole panicle 15–40 cm long, the individual pseudo-spikes 5–15 mm diam. Flower-clusters closely congested, usually totally covering the axis. Bracts subtending the clusters 2–4 mm long, drawn out in a stiff spine half the length of the bract. Flowers usually purple, 5-merous; bracts and bracteoles long-pointed, longer than the perianth. Tepals oblong with a short mucro, ca 0.5 mm broad, in ♂ ca 2 mm long, in ♀ slightly shorter during anthesis, but later also reaching 2 mm. Stamens as long as perianth. Styles usually 3. Fruit loosely enclosed in the persistent perianth and bracts, circumscissile near the middle. Seeds dark brown, 1–1.5 mm broad, orbicular in outline.

Source: [
• 15
]. 

Monoecious, to 2 m, usually freely branched, scurfy- villous at least in the infl; lvs long-petioled, ovate or rhombic-ovate or lanceolate, mostly acutish, the larger ones on well developed plants often 15 cm or more; infl dull greenish or slightly reddish, not showy, terminal, lax, generally with many short, crowded lateral branches and often with nodding tip; bracts mostly 3–4 mm, slightly surpassing the sep and fr, with fairly thick, long-excurrent midrib; sep 5, those of the pistillate fls mostly 1.5–2 mm, about equaling the fr, with simple midvein, straight, acute; stamens 5; style-branches rather short, erect; fr rugose, circumscissile; seed dark brown, ca 1 mm; 2n=32. Originally native to tropical Amer., now a cosmopolitan weed.

Source: [
• 17
]. 

Tallo: ramo(s) joven(es) con indumento presente(s). Hoja: espina(s) en la(s) base de los pecíolo(s) ausente(s); pecíolo(s) mitad dimensiones de las lámina(s) foliar(es)/casi igual dimensiones de la lámina(s) foliar(es); lámina(s) lanceolada(s)/oval(es)/rómbico(s) - oval(es); ápice(s) de las lámina(s) agudo(s)/agudo(s) a(s) obtuso(s); ornamentación del ápice(s) de las hoja(s) mucronado(s). Flor: bractea(s) de las flor(es) pistilada(s) mayor(es) que las tépala(s); ápice(s) de las bractea(s) de las flor(es) pistilada(s) espinescente(s); flor(es) pistilada(s) con 5 tépala(s); ápice(s) de las tépala(s) de las flor(es) pistilada(s) acuminado(s)/agudo(s); ápice(s) de las tépala(s) aristado(s); estigma(s) trífido(s); estilo(s) erecto(s). Fruto: pericarpo subtendido(s) en la(s) tépala(s); utrículo(s) alargado(s) - ovoide(s)/obovóide(s); pericarpo base proximal(es) lisa(s) con ápice(s) verrucoso(s) o rugoso(s); deiscencia deiscencia regular(es) raramente con deiscencia irregular(es).

Source: [
• 1
]. 

Caule: ramo(s) jovem(ns) com indumento presente(s). Folha: espinho(s) na(s) base dos pecíolo(s) ausente(s); pecíolo(s) metade tamanho das lâmina(s) foliar(es)/quase igual tamanho da lâmina(s) foliar(es); lâmina(s) lanceolada(s)/oval(ais)/rômbico(s) - oval(ais); ápice(s) das lâmina(s) agudo(s)/agudo(s) a(s) obtuso(s); ornamentação do ápice(s) das folha(s) mucronado(s). Flor: bráctea(s) das flor(es) pistilada(s) maior(es) que as tépala(s); ápice(s) das bráctea(s) das flor(es) pistilada(s) espinescente(s); flor(es) pistilada(s) com 5 tépala(s); ápice(s) das tépala(s) das flor(es) pistilada(s) acuminado(s)/agudo(s); ápice(s) das tépala(s) aristado(s); estigma(s) trífido(s); estilete(s) ereto(s). Fruto: pericarpo subtendido(s) na(s) tépala(s); utrículo(s) alongado(s) - ovoide(s)/obovoide(s); pericarpo base proximal(ais) lisa(s) com ápice(s) verrucoso(s) ou rugoso(s); deiscência deiscência regular(es) raramente com deiscência irregular(es).

Source: [
• 1
]. 

Stem: shoot young with indumentum present. Leaf: spine on the base of the petiole absent; petiole half size of the blade foliar/almost equal size of the blade foliar; blade lanceolate/ovate/rhombic - ovate; apex of the blade acute/acute to obtuse; ornamentation of the apex of the leaf mucronate. Flower: bract(s) of the flower female bigger than the tepal(s); apex of the bract(s) of the flower female spinescent; flower female with 5 tepal(s); apex of the tepal(s) of the flower female acuminate/acute; apex of the tepal(s) awned; stigma trifid; style erect. Fruit: pericarp subtended on the tepal(s); utricle(s) lengthened - ovoid/obovoid; pericarp base proximal smooth with apex verrucose or rugose; dehiscence dehiscence regular rarely with dehiscence irregular.

Source: [
• 1
]. 

Stigmas (2) 3, erect to flexuose or recurved, 0.5–1.25 mm. long.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Perianth segments 5, 1.5–2.5 mm. long and paler in the male, 1.5–3.5 mm. long in the female, lanceolate to oblong, shortly aristate or mucronate, acute or the inner segments of the female sometimes blunt, usually only the midrib greenish.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Seed black and shining (occasionally pale and dull), compressed, roundish, 0.75–1.25 mm. in diam., almost smooth centrally and faintly reticulate around the margins.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Capsule subglobose to ovoid or ovoid-urceolate, c. 2–3 mm. long, circumcissile, with a moderately distinct to obsolete beak, the style-bases not to considerably dilated, the lid smooth to longitudinally striate or rugulose.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Leaves glabrous, or thinly pilose on the lower margins and underside of the primary venation, long-petiolate (petioles up to 15 cm. long but even then scarcely exceeding the lamina), lamina broadly lanceolate to rhomboid or ovate, 3–19 (30) × 1.5–8 (12) cm., gradually narrowed to the blunt to subacute mucronulate tip, attenuate to shortly cuneate into the petiole below.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Annual herb, erect or less commonly ascending, up to 2 (3) m. in cultivated forms but less in wild populations, not infrequently reddish-tinted along the leaf venation or throughout.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Bracts and bracteoles deltoid-ovate to deltoid-lanceolate, pale-membranous, acuminate, with a long, pale to reddish-tipped straight arista formed by the stout, excurrent, yellow to greenish midrib; bracteoles sub-equalling to considerably exceeding the perianth.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Flowers in yellowish, green, reddish or purple axillary and terminal spikes formed of cymose clusters which are increasingly closely approximate upwards, the terminal inflorescence varying from a single spike to a broad, much-branched panicle up to c.45 × 25 cm., in length and breadth, the ultimate spike not infrequently more or less nodding; male and female flowers intermixed throughout the spikes.

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Stems mostly stout, simple or almost so to considerably branched, angular, glabrous to thinly or moderately furnished with short or occasionally longer multicellular hairs (increasingly so above, especially in the inflorescences).

Source: [
• 7
]. 

Capsule subglobose to ovoid to ovoid-urceolate, 2–3 mm., circumscissile, with a moderately distinct to obsolete beak, lid smooth, longitudinally sulcate or sometimes rugulose below the neck.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Annual herb, erect or less commonly ascending, up to ± 2(–3) m. in cultivated forms, but much less in spontaneous plants, not infrequently reddish tinted throughout.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Leaves glabrous, or thinly pilose on the lower margins and underside of the primary nervation, long-petiolate (petioles up to 15 cm. but even then scarcely exceeding the lamina); lamina broadly lanceolate to rhomboid or ovate, 3–19(–30) × 1.5–8(–12) cm., gradually narrowed to the blunt to subacute mucronulate tip, attenuate or shortly cuneate into the petiole below.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Stems stout, branched, angular, glabrous or thinly to moderately furnished with short or long multicellular hairs (increasingly so above, especially in the inflorescence).

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Seed black and shining, or pale, compressed, 0.75–1.25 mm., almost smooth centrally, faintly reticulate around the margins.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Bracts and bracteoles deltoid-ovate to deltoid-lanceolate, pale and membranous, acuminate and with along pale to reddish-tipped erect arista formed by the stout excurrent yellow or greenish midrib; bracteoles subequalling to much exceeding the perianth.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Flowers in yellowish, green, reddish or purple axillary and terminal spikes formed of cymose clusters, which are increasingly closely approximate upwards, the terminal inflorescence varying from a single spike to a broad much-branched panicle up to ± 45 × 25 cm., the ultimate spike not infrequently nodding; ♂ and ♀ flowers intermixed throughout the spikes.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Stigmas (2–)3, erect, flexuose or recurved, ± 0.75–1.25 mm.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Perianth-segments 5, lanceolate or oblong, 1.5–3.5 mm., acute-aristate or the inner in ♀ sometimes blunt, only the midrib at most greenish.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

20–120 cm hoch. Blütenstand hellgrün, zur Fruchtzeit leicht rötlich überlaufen, mit spreizenden Seitenästen und vielen kurzen (<5 cm) Scheinähren. Vorblätter der weiblichen Blüten 2–4 mm lang, 1–1,5mal so lang wie die Perigonblätter. Frucht eine sich öffn

Source: [
• 16
]. 

Hierba monoica, erecta, 0.4-1.5 m de altura. Tallo liso, verde a rojizo, glabro a puberulento, tricomas pluricelulares hasta 1.5 mm de largo. Hojas pecioladas; pecíolo 0.8-5 cm de largo, glabro a puberulento, verde a rojizo; lámina ovada a rómbica, 1-8.5 x 0.5-5.5 cm, glabra a puberulenta, con tricomas sobre las nervaduras, verde a rojiza, base redondeada a cuneada, ápice obtuso a emarginado, arista hasta 1 mm de largo. Inflorescencias en panículas de espigas, terminales y axilares, sésiles o pedunculadas, la inflorescencia terminal menos de 25 cm de largo, espigas 1-10 x 0.8-1.7 cm, verde a rojizas o amarillentas; pedúnculo hasta 1 cm de largo; bráctea 1, carinada, membranácea, mayor que el perianto, glabra, verde a rojiza o amarillenta, con un nervio medio, ápice con una arista de 2-3 mm de largo; bractéolas 2, carinadas, membranáceas, mayor que la mitad del perianto, glabras, con un nervio medio, ápice agudo. Flores 2-3 x 1-1.3 mm, verdes, amarillentas o rojizas. Sépalos 5, desiguales, membranáceos, glabros, verdes, rojizos, amarillentos, o blanquecinos, margen entera, ápice agudo, con un nervio medio; 2 sépalos externos, 2-3 mm de largo, ápice aristado; 3 internos, 1.5-2.0 x 0.1-1 mm, iguales o menores que el fruto. Estambres 5, filamentos 2-2.5 mm de largo; anteras hasta 1 mm de largo. Ovario 1.5-2.0 x 1-1.3 mm, rojizo; estilo cónico, 0.3-0.5 mm de largo, rojizo; estigmas 3, fimbriados, 0.5-1.0 mm de largo. Fruto en utrículo circumcísil, 1.5-2.0 x 1-1.3 mm, liso a rugoso, rojizo a blanco amarillento. Semilla 1, lenticular, 1-1.3 mm de diámetro, pardo rojiza a negra o con un aro pardo rojizo en el borde y el centro negro.

herbs

Source: [
• 12
]. 

Erva

Weedy in open areas.

Source: [
• 15
]. 

Terrícola

This weedy species, frequently forming large stands in old fields, is found throughout temperate and tropical North and South America, and is adventive in many parts of the Old World.

Source: [
• 12
]. 

Origin unknown; found all over the warmer parts of the world.

Source: [
• 15
]. 

Widely cultivated as a grain crop and in many other parts of Asia also as an ornamental. It may have been used by the hilltribes of Northern Thailand.

Source: [
• 15
].