3. Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv., Ess. Agrostogr. 54, 169 (1812).

Por R.W. Pohl y G. Davidse.

Panicum burmannii Retz., Observ. Bot. 3: 10 (1783). Holotipo: India, König s.n. (LD).

Anuales. Tallos erectos 10-30(-50) cm; entrenudos pelosos. Vainas papiloso-híspidas; lígula 0.7-1.2 mm; láminas 2-5 cm x 9-15 mm, escabrosas o papiloso-híspidas. Inflorescencia 3-6 cm, densa; eje densamente papiloso-híspido, especialmente hacia el ápice; racimos 3-7, hasta 2 cm, compactos, las espiguillas traslapándose, hasta 3 mm de separación, el raquis papiloso-híspido. Espiguillas 2.3-4(-4.5) mm, traslapadas, las aristas escabriúsculas retrorsamente; gluma inferior 2-3.3 mm, la arista 5-10 mm; gluma superior 2.1-3.5 mm, la arista 2.5-5 mm; flósculo inferior estéril; lema inferior 2.1-3.9 mm, 7-9-nervia, casi glabra a híspido-barbada, especialmente a la mitad; pálea inferior ausente; flósculo superior 1.9-2.1 mm; anteras c. 1 mm. Arvense, áreas abiertas y en sombra tenue. Ch-P. 0-2700 m. (Pantropical.)

El análisis de variación infraespecífica que llevó a cabo McVaugh (1983) para el occidente de México, se aplica también para Mesoamérica. Así como en Nueva Galicia, en especial en Chiapas y Honduras hay numerosos intermedios.

Source: [
• 1
• 19
]. 

Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv., Ess. Agrostogr. 54, 169. 1812; Panicum burmannii Retz.

Anuales; tallos erectos 10–30 (–50) cm de largo; entrenudos pilosos. Vainas papiloso-híspidas; lígula 0.7–1.2 mm de largo; láminas 2–5 cm de largo y 9–15 mm de ancho, escabrosas o papiloso-híspidas. Inflorescencia 3–6 cm de largo, densa, eje densamente papiloso-híspido, especialmente hacia el ápice, racimos 3–7, hasta 2 cm de largo, compactos, las espiguillas traslapándose, hasta 3 mm de separación, el raquis papiloso-híspido; espiguillas 2.3–4 (–4.5) mm de largo, traslapadas, las aristas escabriúsculas retrorsamente; gluma inferior 2–3.3 mm de largo, la arista 5–10 mm de largo, gluma superior 2.1–3.5 mm de largo, la arista 2.5–5 mm de largo; flósculo inferior estéril; lema inferior 2.1–3.9 mm de largo, 7–9-nervia, casi glabra a híspido-barbada, especialmente a la mitad; pálea inferior ausente; flósculo superior 1.9–2.1 mm de largo; anteras ca 1 mm de largo.

Pantropical. Dos variedades en Nicaragua.

Source: [
• 20
]. 

Low creeping annual; culms slender, 15-50 cm. long, nearly simple to freely branching, with short internodes, decumbent or prostrate-spreading with ascend- ing branches; sheaths usually much shorter than the internodes, sparsely to densely papillose-hispid, the margins densely ciliate; blades broadly lanceolate-elliptic, often asymmetrical, acuminate, 1.5-5 cm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, glabrous to pubescent or hirsute, the margins scabrous; inflorescence 1-6 cm. long, frequently long- exserted, of 3-6, rarely 10, short approximate racemes, the axis densely villous, flexuous; racemes 0.5-2 cm. long, ascending, the rachis densely villous; spikelets 3 mm. long, usually densely villous; glumes minutely lobed, about 2 mm. long, the second a little longer than the first; awns antrorsely scabrous, that of the first glume 10-14 mm. long, of the second 3-8 mm. long; sterile lemma minutely lobed, awnless, or with an awn 1-3 mm. long; fruit 2 mm. long, narrowly elliptic, acute.

Source: [
• 21
]. 

Plantas rastreras y erectas, 10–25(–35) cm. Hojascon la vaina híspida; lígula hasta ca. 1.2 mm, incons-picua; lámina 1–4(–5.3) cm × 5–15 mm, escabrosaa papiloso-híspida. Infl. 2.5–5.5(–6.5) cm, papiloso-híspida, los racimos hasta ca. 2 cm, compactos yaglomerados. Espiguillas 2.3–4.2(–4.6) mm, trasla-padas, las aristas diminutamente escabriúsculas; glumainferior 1.9–3.1(–3.3) mm, la superior 2–3.5 mm;flósculo superior ca. 2 mm; lema inferior 2–4 mm, 7–9-nervada.

Source: [
• 22
]. 

Creeping, often with long aerial roots from the nodes

Source: [
• 2
]. 

Annual with prostrate or trailing culms 10–60 cm. long.

Source: [
• 17
]. 

Leaf-blades lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 1–9 cm. long, 5–20 mm. wide.

Source: [
• 17
]. 

Spikelets lanceolate, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, pubescent, often with a transverse band of hairs across the middle of the lower lemma, rarely glabrous; glumes with a scaberulous awn, that of the lower 2.5–20 mm. long, the upper shorter.

Source: [
• 17
]. 

Inflorescence 2–11 cm. long; racemes 0.5–2.5 cm. long, their rhachis hirsute, the spikelets contiguous.

Source: [
• 17
]. 

Culms 10–60 cm. long.

Source: [
• 18
]. 

Racemes up to 2.5 cm. long, the spikelets contiguous.

Source: [
• 18
]. 

Spikelets 2.5–3.5 mm. long, usually pubescent; awns antrorsely scaberulous, the inferior 2.5–20 mm. long.

Source: [
• 18
]. 

Prostrate or trailing annual with delicate lanceolate to narrowly ovate leaf laminae.

Source: [
• 18
]. 

Prostrate annual, up to 250 mm tall. Leaf blades 10-60 mm long, 5-20 mm wide. Spikelets 2.5-3.5 mm long, hairy; glumes with minutely scabrid awns 3-20 mm long.

Source: [
• 24
]. 

Erva

Forest shade.

Source: [
• 2
]. 

Terrícola

In forest shade.

Source: [
• 24
]. 

Moist forests, thickets, and savannas; a common weed in fields and waste places, Mexico and the West Indies to Brazil; Tropics of both hemispheres.

Source: [
• 21
].