Stems and nodes often ± glabrescent. Leaf blade with margins ± retrorsely aculeolate. Inflorescences lax; peduncles and pedicels strongly elongated. Ovary and mericarps glabrous or tuberculate. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct.
'Flora of China @ eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2 [accessed August 2016]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.