The World Flora Online

Varieties 2 (1 in the flora): North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America.

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16. Blechnum occidentale L., Sp. Pl. 1077 (1753). Lectotipo (designado por Proctor, 1985): Petiver, Pter. Amer. t. 3, f. 9 (1712).

Por R.C. Moran.

Terrestres o raramente rupícolas; rizoma erecto a decumbente, estolonífero, las escamas 1-5 x 0.2-1 mm, lanceoladas, concoloras y anaranjadas a bicoloras con el centro o el ápice castaño oscuro, enteras; hojas estériles y fértiles monomorfas; pecíolo (5-)10-30(-40) cm, pajizo a pardo-amarillento; lámina 15-65 x 6-20 cm, pinnatisecta, 1-pinnada basalmente, sin pinnas vestigiales, glabra, truncada en la base, sin pinnas vestigiales, el ápice atenuado gradualmente; yemas ausentes; pinnas o lobos 12-25(-30) pares, (2.5-)3-11 x 0.5-2 cm, sésiles, tornándose adnatos distalmente, no involutos, enteros; raquis y costas pajizos, papilosos o lisos abaxialmente, glabros; aeróforos ausentes. Bordos escarpados, orillas de caminos, selvas caducifolias a perennifolias. T (Mickel y Beitel, 1988: 85); Ch (Breedlove 28154, MO); B (Davidse y Brant 32304, MO); G (Standley 23715, MO); H (Saunders 210, MO); ES (Croat 42079, MO); N (Moreno 5223, MO); CR (Grayum y Sleeper 5930, MO); P (Cornman 501). 0-1000(-1200) m. (Estados Unidos, México, Mesoamérica, Colombia, Venezuela, Guayanas, Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay, Chile, N. Argentina, Antillas, Trinidad.)

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• 2
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Blechnum occidentale L., Sp. Pl. 1077. 1753.  Fig. 21 H.

Rizoma erecto, escamas bicoloras; hojas mono­morfas; pecíolo ca 1/2 de la longitud de la hoja, pajizo, glabro o con escasas escamas en la base; lámina 1-pinnada a pinnatífida dis­talmente, 15–100 cm de largo y 6–25 cm de ancho en su parte más ancha; raquis pajizo, papilado, glabro, aeró­foros ausentes de las bases de las pinnas; pinnas adnadas, las proximales algunas veces pediculadas y reflejas, subfalcadas, bases subcordadas a cordadas, ápices agudos, márgenes enteros, glabras; nervios 1-bifurcados, extremos agrandados de los nervios visibles adaxialmente; indusio entero a diminuta­mente eroso-ciliado.

Nebliselvas, pluvioselvas, bosques húmedos, bos­ques se­cos y bosques de pino-encinos; Atwood 3022, Stevens 14469; 0–1300 m; México a Argentina y Brasil, las Antillas. Varias colecciones han sido regis­tradas como híbridos entre Blechnum occiden­tale y B. appendiculatum (= B. x falciculatum C. Presl, Fig. 21 F, G). LC

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Terrestrial fern 15-45(-75) cm tall. Rhizome erect or ascending, slender to stout, usually stoloniferous, densely clothed at the apex with brown, triangular-lanceolate to ovate scales mostly 2-4 mm long, these often with a blackish central stripe. Fronds ascending or spreading, mostly 15-75 cm long, the fertile ones tending to be slightly longer than the sterile though of similar form; stipes of fertile fronds often as long as the blades, strongly grooved along upper surface, bearing toward base few to numerous pale orange-brown, lanceolate scales, 3-5 mm long. Blades pinnate at base, pinnatisect distally, linear-oblong or lanceolate to narrowly triangular, widest at or near base, the apex acuminate or attenuate-subcaudate; pinnae linear-oblong or very narrowly triangular-oblong, scythe-shaped, 5-15 mm broad, the lowest pair usually short-stalked and deflexed, obtuse to acuminate at apex, subcordate and sometimes dilated at base; veins 1- or 2-forked, indistinct, terminating near the margins with enlarged tips. Indusium attached 0.2-1 mm from the midvein, sometimes decurved onto the rachis, the margin minutely denticulate-glandular.

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• 6
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Rhizome erect, stoloniferous; rhizome scales 4-7 mm long, 0.8-1 mm wide, bicolorous, central portion dark brown, outer margin pale brown, lanceolate, margin minutely serrulate or ciliate near apex; fronds clumped; stipe 17-28 cm, ca. ½ the frond length, stramineous, papillate, glabrous with scattered scales at base; blade 17-28 cm long, (8.5-) 11-17(-22) cm wide, pinnate, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, slightly or not at all reduced at base, pinnae distant in basal 2/3 of frond, apex gradually pinnatifid; rachis stramineous, grooved, papillate, glabrous; largest pinnae (4.5-)6-9(-12.5) cm long, 7-18 mm wide, linear-lanceolate, subfalcate, subcordate to cordate and petiolate in basal pinnae, abaxially glabrous, adaxially glabrous with grooved midvein; veins once-forked, enlarged vein endings visible adaxially; pinna margin minutely toothed, with intramarginal row of serrulations; indusia most of length of pinna, 0.8 mm, entire to minutely erose-ciliate.

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• 7
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Rhizomes erect, stoloniferous; rhizome scales 4–7 x 0.8–1 mm, bicolorous, central portion dark brown, outer margins pale brown, lanceolate, margins minutely serrulate or ciliate near apices; fronds clumped; stipes 17–28 cm, ca. 1/2 the frond length, stramineous, papillate, glabrous with scattered scales at bases; blades 17–28 x (8.5–)11–17(–22) cm, pinnate, lanceolate to ovatelanceolate, slightly or not at all reduced at bases, pinnae distant in proximal 2/3 of blade, apices gradually pinnatifid; rachises stramineous, papillate, glabrous, lacking aerophores at pinna bases; pinnae (4.5–)6–9(–12.5) x 0.7–1.8 cm, linear-lanceolate, subfalcate, bases subcordate to cordate and petiolate in proximal pinnae, apices acute, margins entire, both sides glabrous, adaxially with a row of minute intramarginal teeth, costae grooved; veins simple or 1-forked, enlarged vein endings visible adaxially; indusia tan, 0.8 mm wide, entire to minutely erose-ciliate; 2n=124 (Jam, Trin).

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• 8
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Rhizome erect or ascending, slender to rather stout, usually stoloniferous, densely clothed at the apex with brown, deltate-lanceolate to ovate scales mostly 2-4 mm long, these often with a blackish central stripe. Fronds ascending or spreading, mostly 15-75 cm long, the fertile ones tending to be slightly longer than the sterile though of similar form; stipes of fertile fronds often as long as the blades, strongly grooved adaxially, bearing toward base few to numerous pale orange- brown, lanceolate scales 3-5 mm long. Blades pinnate at base, pinnatisect distally, linear- oblong or lanceolate to narrowly deltate, widest at or near base, the apex acuminate or attenuate-subcaudate; pinnae linear-oblong or very narrowly deltate-oblong, falcate, 5-15 mm broad (widest at base), the lowest pair usually short-stalked and deflexed, obtuse to acuminate at apex, subcordate and sometimes dilated at base; veins 1- or 2-forked, indistinct, terminating near the margins with enlarged tips. Indusium attached 0.2-1 mm from the costa, sometimes decurved onto the rhachis, the margin minutely denticulate-glandular.

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• 9
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Tallo: tipo decumbente(s)/erecto(s). Hoja: ápice(s) pinatifido(s); forma lámina(s) deltoide(s)/ovada(s); lámina(s) pinatisecta(s); textura lámina(s) papirácea(s)/subcoriacea(s).

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Caule: tipo decumbente(s)/ereto(s). Folha: ápice(s) pinatifido(s); forma lâmina(s) deltoide(s)/ovada(s); lâmina(s) pinatissecta(s); textura lâmina(s) papirácea(s)/subcoriácea(s).

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• 1
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Stem: type decumbent/erect. Leaf: apex pinnatifid; form blade deltoid/ovate; blade pinnatisect; texture blade papyraceous/subcoriaceous.

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Erva

Rupícola

Terrícola

Common on shaded banks or roadsides. Bordeaux Mountain (A2596). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola; widespread from Florida to Argentina.

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Terrestrial in wet forests, roadside banks, along streams in low to middle elevations; Centro, Choapan, Ixtlán, Juchitán, Juquila, Pochutla, Putla, Tuxtepec; 50-900(-2100) m. Mexico (Mich, Gro, Oax, Chis, Tab); Guat to Pan; WI, Trin; Col & Ven to Braz & n Arg.

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Terrestrial in wet forests, roadside banks, along streams in low to middle elevations, pine-oak forests, 50–1200 m. Mexico; Guat, Bel, Hond, Salv, Nic, CR, Pan; Gr & L Ant; Col, Ven, Trin, Guy, Sur, Fr Gui, Ec, Peru, Braz, Bol, Parag, n Arg.

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• 8
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