The World Flora Online

Herbs annual or biennial. Trichomes sessile and stellate, sometimes mixed with simple or forked ones. Stems erect or ascending. Basal leaves rosulate, simple, usually pinnately lobed, lyrate, or runcinate, rarely entire or toothed. Cauline leaves sessile, auriculate or amplexicaul, entire, dentate, or sinuate. Racemes many flowered, ebracteate. Fruiting pedicels slender, ascending or divaricate. Sepals ovate or oblong, erect or ascending, glabrous or pubescent, base of lateral pair not saccate. Petals white, pink, red, or rarely yellowish, much longer or shorter than sepals, sometimes lacking; blade obovate or spatulate, apex obtuse; claw distinct from blade. Stamens 6, erect, tetradynamous; filaments not dilated at base; anthers ovate or oblong, obtuse at apex. Median glands absent; lateral glands 1 on each side of lateral stamen. Ovules (12-)20-40 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent silicles, obdeltoid to obdeltoid-obcordate, strongly flattened and angustiseptate, sessile; valves papery, prominently veined, strongly keeled; replum rounded; septum complete; style less than 1 mm, included or exserted from apical notch; stigma capitate, entire. Seeds uniseriate, wingless, oblong, plump; seed coat reticulate, mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent.

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• 6
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10. Capsella Medik., nom. cons.

Por I.A.Al-Shehbaz y S.Fuentes-Soriano.

Hierbas anuales o bianuales. Tricomas sésiles y estrellados,algunas veces mezclados con tricomas simples o bifurcados. Hojas basalesarrosetadas, simples; hojas caulinares sésiles, auriculadas o amplexicaules.Racimos ebracteados, numerosos con múltiples flores. Sépalos ovados u oblongos,erectos o ascendentes, la base del par lateral no sacciforme; pétalos obovadoso espatulados, blancos, rosados o rara vez amarillentos, algunas vecesausentes, el ápice obtuso; estambres 6, erectos, tetradínamos; nectarioslaterales 1 en cada lado de los estambres laterales; óvulos (12-)20-40 porovario. Silículas dehiscentes, obdeltoides u obcordiformes, marcadamenteaplanadas y angustiseptas, marcadamente carinadas; replo redondeado; septocompleto; estilo menos de 1 mm, incluido o exerto en la escotadura apical;estigma capitado, entero; semillas uniseriadas, sin alas, oblongas,mucilaginosas cuando se humedecen; cotiledones incumbentes. 5 spp. Eurasia.

Bibliografía: Hurka, H. y Neuffer, B.Pl. Syst.Evol.206: 295-316 (1997). Svensson, S. Willdenowia 13: 267-276 (1983 [1984]).

Source: [
• 7
• 1
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Annuals or biennials; not scapose; mostly pubescent, trichomes sessile and stellate, sometimes mixed with simple or forked ones. Stems erect or ascending, unbranched or branched. Leaves basal and cauline; petiolate or sessile; basal rosulate, petiolate, blade margins pinnately lobed, lyrate, runcinate, or, rarely, entire, dentate, or repand [sinuate]; cauline blade (base sagittate, amplexicaul, or auriculate), margins entire, dentate, or sinuate. Racemes (corymbose, several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels divaricate, slender. Flowers: sepals erect or ascending, [ovate-]oblong, (glabrous or pubescent); petals [sometimes absent] usually white or pink [reddish], obovate [spatulate], (much longer or shorter than sepals), claw differentiated from blade, (apex obtuse); stamens tetradynamous; filaments not dilated basally; anthers ovate [oblong], (apex obtuse); nectar glands (4), lateral, 1 on each side of lateral stamen. Fruits silicles, dehiscent, sessile, obdeltoid to obdeltoid-obcordiform, strongly flattened, strongly keeled, angustiseptate; valves (papery), each prominently veined, glabrous; replum rounded; septum complete; ovules (12-)20-40 per ovary; (style included or exserted from apical notch); stigma capitate. Seeds uniseriate, plump, not winged, oblong; seed coat (reticulate), mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent. x = 8.

Source: [
• 8
]. 

Sep short-oblong, ascending; pet white, obovate; short stamens flanked by a pair of minute glands; ovary flat, obovate; ovules 6–many per locule; style very short; frs strongly flattened at right angles to the septum, triangular-obcordate, truncate to broadly notched at the summit, commonly narrowly winged distally; annual or biennial herbs, pubescent with stellate hairs, with a tuft of basal lvs and a few reduced cauline lvs on the branching stems. Monospecific.

Source: [
• 9
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Silicule flattened-obcordate (rarely ovoid) with keeled, net-veined valves.

Source: [
• 4
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Stamens 6.

Source: [
• 4
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Flowers usually white.

Source: [
• 4
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Petals 4.

Source: [
• 4
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Basal leaves entire or pinnatifid, cauline amplexicaul.

Source: [
• 4
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Sepals not saccate.

Source: [
• 4
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Annual or biennial herbs with slender tap-root.

Source: [
• 4
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Seeds several in each loculus.

Source: [
• 4
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Stamens 6; filaments linear; anthers ovoid, obtuse

Source: [
• 5
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Seeds numerous, not mucilaginous.

Source: [
• 5
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Fruit a silicula, dehiscent, flat, with narrow septum, obtriangular to obcordate; valves keeled

Source: [
• 5
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Ovary dorsiventrally flattened, obovate in outline, with 10–40 ovules in each locule

Source: [
• 5
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Nectaries as semicircular glands at each side of each lateral stamen

Source: [
• 5
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Annual to short-lived perennials, small to medium-sized, with a taproot

Source: [
• 5
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Racemes terminal, ebracteate, corymbose, with small flowers, in fruit lax

Source: [
• 5
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Hairs simple forked or branched

Source: [
• 5
]. 

Sepals somewhat spreading, not saccate

Source: [
• 5
]. 

Petals white, sometimes reddish or yellowish, ± clawed (rarely absent)

Source: [
• 5
]. 

Plantes herbacées'annuelles ou bisannuelles, glabres ou ± pubescentes, à poils simples, fourchus ou étoilés; tige dressée, souvent ramifiée.'Feuilles'inférieures en rosette basilaire, pétiolées, subentières, dentées ou pennatipartites, les caulinaires lancéolées.'Racèmes'multiflores, ± corymbiformes à la floraison, s'allongeant à la fructification.'Fleurs'petites; sépales obliques; pétales obovales, courtement onguiculés; étamines 6; anthères ovales, obtuses au sommet; nectaires 4, ± lunulés et ± connés 2 à 2 à la base des étamines courtes et parfois appendiculés ; ovaire 2-loculaire; stigmate comprimé-capité.'Silicules'aplaties latéralement, triangulaires-obcordées, pluriséminées; valves carénées.'Graines sur 2 rangs; embryon à cotylédons plans et à radicule dorsale (o ∥).\n\t\t\t\tGenre renfermant 5 espèces polymorphes, dont l'aire de dispersion est très étendue dans les régions tempérées.

Source: [
• 10
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SELECTED REFERENCES Hurka, H. and B. Neuffer. 1997. Evolutionary processes in the genus Capsella (Brassicaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 206: 295-316. Neuffer, B. and H. Hurka. 1999. Colonizing history and introduction dynamics of Capsella bursa-pastoris in North America: Isozymes and quantitative traits. Molec. Ecol. 8: 1667-1681. Nutt, P. et al. 2006. Capsella as a model system to study the evolutionary relevance of floral homeotic mutants. Pl. Sys. Evol. 259: 217-235. Slotte, T. et al. 2006. Intrageneric phylogeny of Capsella (Brassicaceae) and the origin of the tetraploid C. bursa-pastoris based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 93: 1714-1724.

Source: [
• 8
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