The World Flora Online

Herbs, sprawling to climbing, perennial, with extensive stout, woody, and red rhizomes; stems to 1-2.5 m, often fascicled, quadrangular with ± sharp angles, somewhat retrorsely aculeolate or glabrous. Leaves in whorls of 4-6, shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade drying papery to subleathery, lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptic-oblong, 3-10 × 0.5-3.5 cm, glabrous or mostly along lower midrib and margins retrorsely aculeolate, base acute, apex acute; lateral veins 3 or 4 pairs, pinnate. Inflorescences thyrsoid, leaflike and many-flowered cymes terminal and axillary from upper stem nodes; axes ± retrorsely aculeolate; peduncles up to 50 mm with bracts narrowly elliptic, 2-5 mm; pedicels (0.75-)1.5-8(-12) mm. Ovary ca. 0.8 mm, glabrous. Corolla yellow to greenish yellow, rotate-funnelform, glabrous; tube ca. 1 mm; limb 3-4.5 mm in diam.; lobes lanceolate, ca. 1 mm, shortly acuminate. Anthers large, 0.5-0.6(-0.8) mm, straight. Mericarp berry black, 3.5-4 × 4-4.5 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Sep.

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• 1
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Perennial climbing herb. Stem quadrangular, angles scabrid, other parts glabrous. Leaves 4-6 in a whorl, 4-10 x 0.5-3.5 cm, elliptic, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, glabrous, denticulate, acute or acuminate and attenuate, midrib ± scabrid beneath; lateral obscure, petiole 2-3 mm. Inflorescence axillary and terminal paniculate cymes, peduncle quadrangular, prickly. Flowers 3-5 mm in diameter, greenish or white, pedicel c. 2 mm long, 4 angled, prickly; bracts 2, opposite, foliaceous, sessile, ellipitic or lanceolate. Calyx globose. Corolla rotate, lobes 5, lanceolate, acuminate, 2-2.5 mm long. Stamens 5, filaments short, 0.5 mm long, anthers linear-oblong, c. 0.5 mm long, dorsifixed. Disc annular. Ovary 2 loculed, c. 2 mm long; styles 2, united at the base; stigma globose. Fruit globose or didymous, 3.5-4 x 4-5 mm.

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• 5
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50–120 cm hoch, aufsteigend. Stängel und Blattränder durch rückwärts gerichteten Stachelchen sehr rau. Mittlere Blätter lanzettlich, etwas lederig, kurz gestielt, spitz, zu 4–6 im Quirl, 4–8 cm lang. Blütenstand locker-rispig, am Ende der Zw

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• 3
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6–7. Hecken, Schuttplätze, Weinberge, z.T. eingebürgert, kollin-montan. VS, sonst vereinzelt.

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• 3
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