Sisymbrium irio L.
  • Sp. Pl. : 659 (1753) 
  • Sisymbre irio


Cite taxon page as 'WFO (2023): Sisymbrium irio L. Published on the Internet;http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000431928. Accessed on: 26 Sep 2023'

Local Descriptions

Order descriptions by:

General Information

Herbs annual, (10-)20-60(-75) cm tall. Stems erect, branched below and above, glabrous or sparsely pubescent at least basally. Basal leaves not rosulate; petiole (0.5-)1-4.5(-6) cm; leaf blade oblanceolate or oblong in outline, runcinate-pinnatisect, (1.5-)3-12(-15) × (0.5-)1-6(-9) cm; lateral lobes (1 or)2-6(-8) on each side of midvein, smaller than terminal, oblong or lanceolate, entire, dentate, or lobed. Uppermost cauline leaves smaller than basal, entire or 1-3-lobed. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, slender, much narrower than fruit, (5-)7-12(-20) mm. Sepals oblong, erect, 2-2.5 × 1-1.5 mm. Petals yellow, oblong-oblanceolate, 2.5-3.5(-4) × 1-1.5 mm; claw subequaling sepals. Filaments yellowish, erect, 2.5-4 mm; anthers oblong, 0.5-0.9 mm. Ovules 40-90 per ovary. Fruit narrowly linear, slender, terete, (2.5-)3-4(-5) cm × 0.9-1.1 mm, straight or slightly curved inward, younger ones overtopping flowers; valves glabrous, slightly torulose; style 0.2-0.5 mm; stigma prominently 2-lobed; septum membranous. Seeds oblong, 0.8-1 × 0.5-0.6 mm, inserted in depressions of septum. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 14.

  • Provided by: [F].Flora of China @ efloras.org
    • Source: [
    • 1
    • ]. 

    Annuals; glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Stems erect, branched proximally and distally, (1-)2-6(-7.5) dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent at least basally. Basal leaves not rosulate; petiole (0.5-)1-4.5(-6) cm; blade oblanceolate or oblong (in outline), (1.5-)3-12 (-15) cm × (5-)10-60(-90) mm, margins runcinate to pinnatisect; lobes (1-)2-6(-8) on each side, oblong or lanceolate, smaller than terminal lobe, margins entire, dentate, or lobed. Cauline leaves similar to basal; (distalmost) blade (smaller, to 2 cm wide), margins entire or 1-3-lobed. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, slender, much narrower than fruit, (5-)7-12(-20) mm. Flowers: sepals erect, oblong, 2-2.5 × 1-1.5 mm; petals oblong-oblanceolate, 2.5-3.5(-4) × 1-1.5 mm, claw 1-1.5 mm; filaments 2.5-4 mm; anthers ovate, 0.5-0.9 mm. Fruits (divaricate to ascending, young fruits overtopping flowers), narrowly linear, straight or slightly curved inward, slightly torulose, slender, (2.5-)3-4(-5) cm × 0.9-1.1 mm; valves glabrous; ovules 40-90 per ovary; style 0.2-0.5 mm; stigma prominently 2-lobed. Seeds 0.8-1 × 0.5-0.6 mm. 2n = 14.

  • Provided by: [B].Flora of North America @ efloras.org
    • Source: [
    • 2
    • ]. 

    Erect, to 6 dm, spreading-hairy below; lower lvs deeply pinnatifid with oblong to ovate, entire to dentate or angularly lobed segments, the upper lvs with fewer and smaller lobes; infl very contracted, the young frs elongating rapidly and projecting beyond the fls; sep 2–3 mm; pet 3–4 mm; anthers ca 0.7 mm; pedicels slender, divergent, 5–10 mm; frs linear, 2.5–5 cm; 2n=14, 28, 42, 56. Native of Eurasia, occasionally found in our range, and becoming a weed in the Pacific states. May, June. (Norta i.)

  • Provided by: [D].Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern US and Canada
    • Source: [
    • 5
    • ]. 

    Annual, (10-)20-60 cm tall, erect, branched, glabrous or sparsely hairy with simple hairs. Basal and lower leaves petiolate, pinnately lobed with a hastate terminal lobe larger than the laterals, 2-6-jugate, very variable in size; cauline leaves similar but only 1-3-jugate. Racemes 50-80(-100)-flowered, up to 30 cm long in fruit with siliquae overtopping young flowers and buds. Flowers c. 3 mm across, yellow; pedicels (5-)10-15 mm long in fruit, filiform, ascending or sub-spreading, rarely spreading. Sepals 2-2.5 mm long. Petals (2.5-) 3-4 mm long, c. 1 mm broad, usually slightly longer than the sepals. Stamens c. 2:3 mm long; anthers c. 0.5 mm long. Siliquae (25-)30-45 mm long, 1 mm broad, linear, often slightly upcurved; valvex submembranous, convex, obscurely to distinctly torulose, faintly 3-veined but the mid-vein distinct, glabrous; style inconspicuous, thickened, with a depressed, sub-bilobed stigma; septum hyaline; seeds 20-40 in each locule, c. 1 mm long, oblong-ellipsoid, yellowish-brown.

  • Provided by: [G].Flora of Pakistan
    • Source: [
    • 8
    • ]. 

    Morphology

    10–60 cm hoch, meist verzweigt, ± kahl. Untere Blätter fiederteilig, mit bis 6 Paaren von schmalen, unregelmässig gezähnten Seitenabschnitten und grösserem, 3eckigem Endabschnitt. Obere Blätter sitzend. Kronblätter blassgelb, 2,5–3,5 mm lang

  • Provided by: [E].Flora Helvetica – Illustrierte Flora der Schweiz
    • Source: [
    • 4
    • ]. 

    Annual herbs 10-60 cm tall; glabrous or with short, appressed hairs, especially on young growth. Lower leaves runcinate-pinnatifid with 2-6 pairs of lateral lobes; lobes mostly toothed or somewhat lobed. Stem leaves upwards with gradually fewer, smaller, lateral lobes and a more prominent terminal lobe; upper leaves petiolate, simply hastate or with a few small, narrow, lateral lobes. Inflorescence ebracteate, very dense and contracted in flower; in fruit elongate, with the young fruits overtopping the flowers and buds. Flowers inconspicuous, the petals pale yellow, 2.5-3 mm long, hardly exceeding the sepals. Anthers 0.5-0.8 mm long. Siliquae 3-5 cm long, c. 1 mm in diameter, linear, straight or curved, ascending on slender pedicels 6-10 mm long; valves 3-nerved, glabrous, bulged by the seeds; stigma subsessile, 2-lobed. Seeds numerous (60-80), in 1 row, yellowish, less than 1 mm long.

  • Provided by: [C].e-Flora of South Africa
    • Source: [
    • 7
    • ]. 

    Ecology

    5–7. Schuttplätze, Bahnareale, kollin. CH, sehr vereinzelt.

  • Provided by: [E].Flora Helvetica – Illustrierte Flora der Schweiz
    • Source: [
    • 4
    • ]. 

    Distribution

    Widespread in Europe, the Middle East, Northern Africa, and North America. Recorded from South Africa only once in November 1964.

  • Provided by: [C].e-Flora of South Africa
    • Source: [
    • 7
    • ]. 
    Flora of China @ efloras.orgGeneral Information

    Herbs annual, (10-)20-60(-75) cm tall. Stems erect, branched below and above, glabrous or sparsely pubescent at least basally. Basal leaves not rosulate; petiole (0.5-)1-4.5(-6) cm; leaf blade oblanceolate or oblong in outline, runcinate-pinnatisect, (1.5-)3-12(-15) × (0.5-)1-6(-9) cm; lateral lobes (1 or)2-6(-8) on each side of midvein, smaller than terminal, oblong or lanceolate, entire, dentate, or lobed. Uppermost cauline leaves smaller than basal, entire or 1-3-lobed. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, slender, much narrower than fruit, (5-)7-12(-20) mm. Sepals oblong, erect, 2-2.5 × 1-1.5 mm. Petals yellow, oblong-oblanceolate, 2.5-3.5(-4) × 1-1.5 mm; claw subequaling sepals. Filaments yellowish, erect, 2.5-4 mm; anthers oblong, 0.5-0.9 mm. Ovules 40-90 per ovary. Fruit narrowly linear, slender, terete, (2.5-)3-4(-5) cm × 0.9-1.1 mm, straight or slightly curved inward, younger ones overtopping flowers; valves glabrous, slightly torulose; style 0.2-0.5 mm; stigma prominently 2-lobed; septum membranous. Seeds oblong, 0.8-1 × 0.5-0.6 mm, inserted in depressions of septum. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 14.

    Flora of PakistanGeneral Information

    Annual, (10-)20-60 cm tall, erect, branched, glabrous or sparsely hairy with simple hairs. Basal and lower leaves petiolate, pinnately lobed with a hastate terminal lobe larger than the laterals, 2-6-jugate, very variable in size; cauline leaves similar but only 1-3-jugate. Racemes 50-80(-100)-flowered, up to 30 cm long in fruit with siliquae overtopping young flowers and buds. Flowers c. 3 mm across, yellow; pedicels (5-)10-15 mm long in fruit, filiform, ascending or sub-spreading, rarely spreading. Sepals 2-2.5 mm long. Petals (2.5-) 3-4 mm long, c. 1 mm broad, usually slightly longer than the sepals. Stamens c. 2:3 mm long; anthers c. 0.5 mm long. Siliquae (25-)30-45 mm long, 1 mm broad, linear, often slightly upcurved; valvex submembranous, convex, obscurely to distinctly torulose, faintly 3-veined but the mid-vein distinct, glabrous; style inconspicuous, thickened, with a depressed, sub-bilobed stigma; septum hyaline; seeds 20-40 in each locule, c. 1 mm long, oblong-ellipsoid, yellowish-brown.

    Flora Helvetica – Illustrierte Flora der SchweizMorphology

    10–60 cm hoch, meist verzweigt, ± kahl. Untere Blätter fiederteilig, mit bis 6 Paaren von schmalen, unregelmässig gezähnten Seitenabschnitten und grösserem, 3eckigem Endabschnitt. Obere Blätter sitzend. Kronblätter blassgelb, 2,5–3,5 mm lang

    Ecology

    5–7. Schuttplätze, Bahnareale, kollin. CH, sehr vereinzelt.

    Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern US and CanadaGeneral Information

    Erect, to 6 dm, spreading-hairy below; lower lvs deeply pinnatifid with oblong to ovate, entire to dentate or angularly lobed segments, the upper lvs with fewer and smaller lobes; infl very contracted, the young frs elongating rapidly and projecting beyond the fls; sep 2–3 mm; pet 3–4 mm; anthers ca 0.7 mm; pedicels slender, divergent, 5–10 mm; frs linear, 2.5–5 cm; 2n=14, 28, 42, 56. Native of Eurasia, occasionally found in our range, and becoming a weed in the Pacific states. May, June. (Norta i.)

    e-Flora of South AfricaMorphology

    Annual herbs 10-60 cm tall; glabrous or with short, appressed hairs, especially on young growth. Lower leaves runcinate-pinnatifid with 2-6 pairs of lateral lobes; lobes mostly toothed or somewhat lobed. Stem leaves upwards with gradually fewer, smaller, lateral lobes and a more prominent terminal lobe; upper leaves petiolate, simply hastate or with a few small, narrow, lateral lobes. Inflorescence ebracteate, very dense and contracted in flower; in fruit elongate, with the young fruits overtopping the flowers and buds. Flowers inconspicuous, the petals pale yellow, 2.5-3 mm long, hardly exceeding the sepals. Anthers 0.5-0.8 mm long. Siliquae 3-5 cm long, c. 1 mm in diameter, linear, straight or curved, ascending on slender pedicels 6-10 mm long; valves 3-nerved, glabrous, bulged by the seeds; stigma subsessile, 2-lobed. Seeds numerous (60-80), in 1 row, yellowish, less than 1 mm long.

    Distribution

    Widespread in Europe, the Middle East, Northern Africa, and North America. Recorded from South Africa only once in November 1964.

    Flora of North America @ efloras.orgGeneral Information

    Annuals; glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Stems erect, branched proximally and distally, (1-)2-6(-7.5) dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent at least basally. Basal leaves not rosulate; petiole (0.5-)1-4.5(-6) cm; blade oblanceolate or oblong (in outline), (1.5-)3-12 (-15) cm × (5-)10-60(-90) mm, margins runcinate to pinnatisect; lobes (1-)2-6(-8) on each side, oblong or lanceolate, smaller than terminal lobe, margins entire, dentate, or lobed. Cauline leaves similar to basal; (distalmost) blade (smaller, to 2 cm wide), margins entire or 1-3-lobed. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, slender, much narrower than fruit, (5-)7-12(-20) mm. Flowers: sepals erect, oblong, 2-2.5 × 1-1.5 mm; petals oblong-oblanceolate, 2.5-3.5(-4) × 1-1.5 mm, claw 1-1.5 mm; filaments 2.5-4 mm; anthers ovate, 0.5-0.9 mm. Fruits (divaricate to ascending, young fruits overtopping flowers), narrowly linear, straight or slightly curved inward, slightly torulose, slender, (2.5-)3-4(-5) cm × 0.9-1.1 mm; valves glabrous; ovules 40-90 per ovary; style 0.2-0.5 mm; stigma prominently 2-lobed. Seeds 0.8-1 × 0.5-0.6 mm. 2n = 14.

    Other Local Names

    NameLanguageCountry
    Sisymbre irioFrenchCH
    Schlaffe RaukeGermanCH
    Erba cornacchia iridaItalianCH

     Information From

    Brassicaceae
    https://powo.science.kew.org/
    World Flora Online Data. 2022.
    • A CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0).
    Flora of North America @ efloras.org
    http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1
    'Flora of North America @ eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 [accessed August 2016]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
    • B Flora of North America Association
    e-Flora of South Africa
    e-Flora of South Africa. v1.21. 2018. South African National Biodiversity Institute. http://ipt.sanbi.org.za/iptsanbi/resource?r=flora_descriptions&v=1.21
    • C All Rights Reserved
    Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern US and Canada
    https://www.nybg.org/
    Descriptions of plants should be attributed to the full citation for each individual article, chapter or book that is the source for each record, which should include the authors of original publication.
    • D Content licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
    Flora Helvetica – Illustrierte Flora der Schweiz
    http://www.flora-helvetica.ch
    Flora Helvetica – Illustrierte Flora der Schweiz, Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner, Andreas Gygax. Haupt Verlag 2018.
    • E All Rights Reserved
    Flora of China @ efloras.org
    'Flora of China @ eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2 [accessed August 2016]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
    • F Missouri Botanical Garden
    Flora of Pakistan
    http://www.tropicos.org/Project/Pakistan
    Flora of Pakistan. Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed on Jun. 2020.
    • G Missouri Botanical Garden
    Vahliaceae
    http://www.worldfloraonline.org/organisation/Vahliaceae
    World Flora Online Data. 2021.
    • H CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0).