The World Flora Online

Herbaceous vines, woody at base, ca. 6 m long. Stem slender-striate, glabrous. Leaves 6-13 × 8-13 cm, membranous, base cuneate or cordate, deeply 3-lobed, middle lobe ovate, lateral lobes ovate-oblong, margin glandular-serrate, with 1 or 2 small cup-shaped glands near base of sinuses, glabrous. Inflorescence a reduced cyme, central flower not developed, one lateral branch converted to a tendril, flower opposite tendril; bracts green, broadly ovate or rhombic, 1-1.2 cm, margin irregularly serrulate. Pedicel 4-4.5 cm, biglandular at apex. Flowers 4-7 cm in diam.; hypanthium 0.8-1 × 1-1.2 cm. Sepals green outside, light green or white inside, 2.5-4 × ca. 1.5 cm, awn 2-4 mm. Petals 2.5-3 cm × ca. 8 mm. Corona in 4 or 5 series; outer 2 series ligulate with filiform distal half, 2-2.5 cm, base light green, middle purple, apex white; inner 2 or 3 series filiform, 1-3 mm, green and purple; operculum recurved, 1-1.2 mm, margin entire or irregularly lacerate apically; disk ca. 4 mm high, membranous; androgynophore 1-1.2 cm tall; trochlea (ring-shaped enlargement on androgynophore) just above disk. Filaments 5-6 mm, flat, coherent at base; anthers light yellow-green, oblong, 5-6 mm. Ovary obovoid, ca. 8 mm, glabrous to pubescent; styles flat; stigma reniform. Fruit purple at maturity, ovoid, 3-4 cm in diam., glabrous. Seeds many, ovoid, 5-6 mm. Fl. Jun, fr. Nov.

Stem: form cylindric; consistency subwoody. Leaf: form 3 lobate; margin serrate glandular; ocellum absent; indumentum absent/puberulous; gland(s) petiole sessile; stipule linear subulate. Inflorescence: type inflorescence solitary; bract(s) ovate. Flower: awn sepal present; hypanthium campanulate; corona multiseriate; apex of the operculum membranous; limen annular; androgynophore to 1.5 cm long/bigger than 1.5 cm long. Fruit: type berry; indumentum absent. Seed: shape elliptic/oblong; surface foveolate. Tallo: forma cilíndrico(s); consistencia subleñoso(s). Hoja: forma 3 lobada(s); margen(es) serreada(s) glandular(es); ocelo(s) ausente(s); indumento ausente(s)/pubérulo(s); glándula(s) pecíolo(s) sésil(es); estípula(s) linear(es) subulada(s). Inflorescencia: tipo inflorescencia(s) solitaria(s); bractea(s) ovada(s). Flor: arista(s) sépala(s) presente(s); hipanto campanulada(s); corona multiseriado(s); ápice(s) del opérculo(s) membranaceo(s); limen anular; androginóforo hasta 1.5 cm largo/mayor(es) que 1.5 cm largo. Fruto: tipo baga(s); indumento ausente(s). Semilla: forma elíptica(s)/oblonga(s); superficie(s) foveolada(s). Caule: forma cilíndrico(s); consistência sublenhoso(s). Folha: forma 3 lobada(s); margem(ns) serreada(s) glandular(es); ocelo(s) ausente(s); indumento ausente(s)/pubérulo(s); glândula(s) pecíolo(s) séssil(eis); estípula(s) linear(es) subulada(s). Inflorescência: tipo inflorescência(s) solitária(s); bráctea(s) ovada(s). Flor: arista(s) sépala(s) presente(s); hipanto campanulado(s); corona multisseriado(s); ápice(s) do opérculo(s) membranáceo(s); limen anular; androginóforo até 1.5 cm compr./maior(es) que 1.5 cm compr.. Fruto: tipo baga(s); indumento ausente(s). Semente: formato elíptica(s)/oblonga(s); superfície(s) foveolada(s). Tallo: forma cilíndrico(s); consistencia subleñoso(s). Hoja: forma 3 lobada(s); margen(es) serreada(s) glandular(es); ocelo(s) ausente(s); indumento ausente(s)/pubérulo(s); glándula(s) pecíolo(s) sésil(es); estípula(s) linear(es) subulada(s). Inflorescencia: tipo inflorescencia(s) solitaria(s); bractea(s) ovada(s). Flor: arista(s) sépala(s) presente(s); hipanto campanulada(s); corona multiseriado(s); ápice(s) del opérculo(s) membranaceo(s); limen anular; androginóforo hasta 1.5 cm largo/mayor(es) que 1.5 cm largo. Fruto: tipo baga(s); indumento ausente(s). Semilla: forma elíptica(s)/oblonga(s); superficie(s) foveolada(s). Caule: forma cilíndrico(s); consistência sublenhoso(s). Folha: forma 3 lobada(s); margem(ns) serreada(s) glandular(es); ocelo(s) ausente(s); indumento ausente(s)/pubérulo(s); glândula(s) pecíolo(s) séssil(eis); estípula(s) linear(es) subulada(s). Inflorescência: tipo inflorescência(s) solitária(s); bráctea(s) ovada(s). Flor: arista(s) sépala(s) presente(s); hipanto campanulado(s); corona multisseriado(s); ápice(s) do opérculo(s) membranáceo(s); limen anular; androginóforo até 1.5 cm compr./maior(es) que 1.5 cm compr.. Fruto: tipo baga(s); indumento ausente(s). Semente: formato elíptica(s)/oblonga(s); superfície(s) foveolada(s).

Terrícola

Liana/volúvel/trepadeira

Passiflora edulis Sims, Bot. Mag. 45: t. 1989. 1818.

Tallos glabros. Hojas 3-lobadas hasta más de la mitad, 5–11 cm de largo y 7–13 cm de ancho, lobos agudos a acuminados, redondeadas a subcordadas en la base, serradas, glabras; pecíolos hasta 4 cm de largo, con 2 glándulas sésiles o cortamente estipitadas en el ápice; estípulas lineares, ca 1 cm de largo. Flores solitarias, brácteas 3, ovadas, 1.5–2.5 cm de largo, serradas a pectinadas; flores 4–7 cm de ancho, blancas con azul-morado y blanco en la corona; sépalos 2.5–3.5 cm de largo; pétalos ligeramente más cortos que los sépalos; corona 4–5-seriada. Frutos globosos a ovoides, 4–6 cm de diámetro, amarillos, glabros a puberulentos; semillas reticuladas.

Cultivada y naturalizada en áreas alteradas de bosques perennifolios y pluvioselvas; 50–1250 m; fl y fr generalmente abr–jun; Moreno 9180, Sandino 3049; probablemente nativa del sur de Brasil y países aledaños. "Calala". Sometimes Nicaraguan collections have been refered to Passiflora edulis fo. flavicarpa O. Deg.

Liane vivace, herbacée, pouvant atteindre 25 m, glabre. Feuilles à pétiole atteignant 4 cm de long, pourvu au sommet de 2 glandes; stipules linéaires-subulées, de 7-10 mm de long; limbe subcirculaire, arrondi à subcordé à la base, de 5-13 cm de long et 6-15 cm de large, profondément 3-lobé, à lobes atteignant environ les 3/4 de la longueur du limbe, de 2-4 cm de large, aigus à acuminés au sommet et à bords serretés, 3-nervé depuis la base et à nervures légèrement proéminentes en dessous; glandes laminaires absentes. Inflorescences axillaires, réduites généralement à une fleur insérée à côté d'une vrille simple pouvant atteindre 10 cm et plus de long. Fleurs blanchâtres, de 4-7 cm de diam., à pédicelle robuste, de 3-6 cm de long; involucre formé de 3 bractées ovales à elliptiques, de 1-2 cm de long, aiguës au sommet, à bords serretés-glandulaires; hypanthium cupuliforme, d'environ 1 cm de haut et 1-1,5 cm de large; sépales 5, oblongs, de 2-3 cm de long, corniculés dorsalement près du sommet; pétales 5, oblongs, obtus, plus courts et plus étroits que les sépales; couronne externe composée de plusieurs verticilles de filaments, les 2 les plus externes à filaments linéaires, de 0,5-2,5 cm de long, pourpres vers la base, les internes à filaments beaucoup plus courts et même réduits à de courtes dents; partie intérieure de l'hypanthium entre la couronne externe et l'operculum finement tuberculée; operculum membraneux, incurvé, crénelé-fimbrié; couronne interne (limen) cupuliforme, charnue, entière ou crénelée; anneau nectarifère présent; androgynophore de 6-10 mm de long, épaissi en un anneau (trochlea) vers la base, finement pubérulent ou glabre; filets des étamines de 6-8 mm de long, finement pubérulents ou glabres; anthères d'environ 8-10 mm; ovaire subglobuleux à ellipsoïde, de 3-5 mm de long, finement et densément soyeux-tomentelleux ou glabre; styles de 10-12 mm de long. Fruits bacciformes, globuleux à ellipsoïdes, de 3-5 cm de diam., à péricarpe coriace, verdâtre à violet et glabre; gynophore de 0,5-1,5 cm de long. Graines ellipsoïdes, de 5-6 mm de long, à testa finement réticulé.

Bords de route, jachères, savanes rudéralisées, brousses secondaires, forêts dégradées, galeries forestières, landes à Erica; jusqu'à 2600 m d'altitude.

Connu sous le nom de grenadille ou «maracuja», la pulpe de cette espèce, de saveur agréable et légèrement acide, est utilisée pour préparer des jus qui interviennent dans la confection de crèmes glacées, de sorbets et de boissons rafraîchissantes.

Espèce originaire d'Amérique tropicale, cultivée et naturalisée dans toutes les régions tropicales.

Stipules lanceolate-linear, ± 1 cm. Inflorescences 1-flowered, the straight peduncle (pedicel) 3–6 cm., inserted beside a simple tendril 5–20 cm.; bracts and bracteoles ovate, acute, 1.5–2 cm., glandular-serrate, forming an involucre. Glands on petiole 2, wart-like, at transition to or up to 0.5 cm. below the blade; blade-glands absent. Leaf-blades 3-lobed up to three-fourths, rarely unlobed, suborbicular to broadly ovate in outline, 5–11 by 6–12 cm., base acute to cordate, 3-nerved from base, subcoriaceous; lobes elliptic to oblong, up to 8 cm., top acute, shortly acuminate; margin serrate; petiole 1–4 cm. Climber to ± 15 m., perennial, glabrous throughout (except ovary); stem sometimes ± angular. Seeds many, ellipsoid, 5–6 mm. Petals oblong, 1–2.5 cm., obtuse. Corona composed of several series of threads, the outer 2 series 0.5–2.5 cm., the inner ones much shorter; operculum membranous, incurved, crenulate-fimbriate; disk (limen) cupuliform, entire or crenulate. Flowers 4–7 cm. in diameter, white, corona threads purplish towards base. Hypanthium cup-shaped, ± 1 by 1–1.5 cm.; sepals oblong, 2–3 cm., corniculate. Ovary subglobose to ellipsoid, 3–5 mm., glabrous or shortly pubescent; styles 10–12 mm. Fruit berry-like, with coriaceous-leathery pericarp, globose to ellipsoid, excluding the 0.5–1.5 cm. long gynophore 4–5 cm. in diameter, glabrous, yellow or purplish. Androgynophore 6–8 mm., thickened towards base. Filaments subsubulate, 6–8 mm.; anthers 8–10 mm. Inflorescences 1-flowered, the straight peduncle (pedicel) 3–6 cm., inserted beside a simple tendril 5–20 cm.; bracts and bracteoles ovate, acute, 1.5–2 cm., glandular-serrate, forming an involucre. Glands on petiole 2, wart-like, at transition to or up to 0.5 cm. below the blade; blade-glands absent. Leaf-blades 3-lobed up to three-fourths, rarely unlobed, suborbicular to broadly ovate in outline, 5–11 by 6–12 cm., base acute to cordate, 3-nerved from base, subcoriaceous; lobes elliptic to oblong, up to 8 cm., top acute, shortly acuminate; margin serrate; petiole 1–4 cm. Climber to ± 15 m., perennial, glabrous throughout (except ovary); stem sometimes ± angular. Seeds many, ellipsoid, 5–6 mm. Petals oblong, 1–2.5 cm., obtuse. Corona composed of several series of threads, the outer 2 series 0.5–2.5 cm., the inner ones much shorter; operculum membranous, incurved, crenulate-fimbriate; disk (limen) cupuliform, entire or crenulate. Flowers 4–7 cm. in diameter, white, corona threads purplish towards base. Hypanthium cup-shaped, ± 1 by 1–1.5 cm.; sepals oblong, 2–3 cm., corniculate. Ovary subglobose to ellipsoid, 3–5 mm., glabrous or shortly pubescent; styles 10–12 mm. Fruit berry-like, with coriaceous-leathery pericarp, globose to ellipsoid, excluding the 0.5–1.5 cm. long gynophore 4–5 cm. in diameter, glabrous, yellow or purplish. Androgynophore 6–8 mm., thickened towards base. Filaments subsubulate, 6–8 mm.; anthers 8–10 mm.

Climber, up to 15 m high. Bracts and bracteoles conspicuous, foliaceous, forming an involucre, serrate-denticulate. Stipules lanceolate or filiform. Leaves 3-lobed. Flowers white; corona threads purplish towards base. Climber to c. 15 m, perennial, glabrous throughout (except ovary); stem sometimes ± angular. Leaves 3-lobed up to 3/4 the blade, rarely without lobes, suborbicular to broadly ovate in outline, 5-11 x 6-12 cm, 3-plinerved, subcoriaceous, base acute to cordate, lobes elliptic to oblong, up to 8 cm, apex acute, shortly acuminate; margin serrate; petiole 1-4 cm; glands on petiole 2, wart-like, situated at transition of or up to 0.5 cm below the blade; blade-glands absent. Stipules lanceolate-linear, c. 1 cm. Inflorescences 1-flowered, the straight peduncle (pedicel) 3-6 cm, inserted beside a simple tendril 5-20 cm; bracts and bracteoles ovate, acute, 1.5-2 cm, glandular-serrate, forming an involucre. Flowers 4-7 cm diam., white, corona threads purplish towards base; hypanthium cup-shaped, c. 1 x 1-1.5 cm; sepals oblong, 2-3 cm, corniculate; petals oblong, 1-2.5 cm, obtuse; corona composed of several series of threads, the outer 2 series 0.5-2.5 cm, the inner ones much shorter; operculum membranous, incurved, crenulate-fimbriate; disc (limen) cupuliform, entire or crenulate. Androgynophore 6-8 mm, thickened towards base; filaments sub-subulate, 6-8 mm; anthers 8-10 mm; ovary subglobose to ellipsoid, 3-5 mm, glabrous or shortly pubescent; styles 10-12 mm. Fruit berry-like, with coriaceous-leathery pericarp, globose to ellipsoid, excluding the 0.5-1.5 cm long gynophore, 4-5 cm diam., glabrous, purplish or yellow; seeds many, ellipsoid, 5-6 mm. Climber to c. 15 m, perennial, glabrous throughout (except ovary); stem sometimes ± angular. Leaves 3-lobed up to 3/4 the blade, rarely without lobes, suborbicular to broadly ovate in outline, 5-11 x 6-12 cm, 3-plinerved, subcoriaceous, base acute to cordate, lobes elliptic to oblong, up to 8 cm, apex acute, shortly acuminate; margin serrate; petiole 1-4 cm; glands on petiole 2, wart-like, situated at transition of or up to 0.5 cm below the blade; blade-glands absent. Stipules lanceolate-linear, c. 1 cm. Inflorescences 1-flowered, the straight peduncle (pedicel) 3-6 cm, inserted beside a simple tendril 5-20 cm; bracts and bracteoles ovate, acute, 1.5-2 cm, glandular-serrate, forming an involucre. Flowers 4-7 cm diam., white, corona threads purplish towards base; hypanthium cup-shaped, c. 1 x 1-1.5 cm; sepals oblong, 2-3 cm, corniculate; petals oblong, 1-2.5 cm, obtuse; corona composed of several series of threads, the outer 2 series 0.5-2.5 cm, the inner ones much shorter; operculum membranous, incurved, crenulate-fimbriate; disc (limen) cupuliform, entire or crenulate. Androgynophore 6-8 mm, thickened towards base; filaments sub-subulate, 6-8 mm; anthers 8-10 mm; ovary subglobose to ellipsoid, 3-5 mm, glabrous or shortly pubescent; styles 10-12 mm. Fruit berry-like, with coriaceous-leathery pericarp, globose to ellipsoid, excluding the 0.5-1.5 cm long gynophore, 4-5 cm diam., glabrous, purplish or yellow; seeds many, ellipsoid, 5-6 mm.

Native to South America.

Sometimes escaped in waste gardens, disturbed places and forest fringes; in the tropics. Waste gardens, disturbed places and forest fringes. Waste gardens, disturbed places and forest fringes.

Introduced for its juicy fruits, found occasionally as an escape in open disturbed areas. Road to Susannaberg (A834). Also on St. Thomas; widely cultivated throughout the tropics for its edible fruits.

Glabrous woody vine, 5-10 m long. Leaf blades 7-12 X 9-15 cm, deeply 3-lobed, coriaceous, glabrous, the lobes elliptic or oblong, with acute or acuminate apex, the base nearly cordate, the margins serrate; petioles 3-6 cm long, reddish-tinged, with a pair of globular glands near the blade; stipules filiform, ca. 5 mm long. Flowers pendulous, solitary on long peduncle in leaf axils, subtended by an involucre of 3 persistent, ovate bracts to 2 cm long; peduncle stout, 4-6 cm long. Sepals oblong, green, whitish within, 3-3.5 cm long; petals oblong, whitish within, 2.5-3 cm long; corona of biseriate appendages, violet-striped; gynophore green, ovoid-lobed, 5-7 mm long; stamens 5, spreading from base of ovary; ovary ellipsoid, green, the styles slightly reflexed, the stigmas nearly capitate. Fruit a leathery berry, ovoid, 5-7 cm long, turning from green to yellow. Seeds numerous, nearly elliptic, pitted, ca. 5 mm long, blackish, covered with a juicy orange aril.

Stems ± terete, striate; internodes up to 9 cm. long. Leaf-lamina up to 13 × 15 cm., 3-lobed to below the middle of the lamina, the lobes 2–4 cm. wide, acute or acuminate, rarely subobtuse, serrate, rounded or shallowly cordate at base, subcoriaceous, pale green or yellow-green, glossy above, paler and not glossy beneath; petiole up to 4 cm. long, with 2 glands at the apex, the glands sessile or shortly stipitate; stipules c. 10 × 1 mm., linear-subulate, entire or minutely glandular-serrulate. Tendrils c. 10 cm. long, stout, simple. Peduncles up to 6 cm. long, stout. Bracts 2–2·5 × 1–1·5 cm., ovate, obtuse or acute at the apex, serrate, pectinate or almost lacerate, often glandular at margin. Flowers solitary, up to 7 cm. in diam. Ovary ovoid or globose, sericeo-tomentose or glabrous. Fruit 4–5 cm. in diameter, ovoid or globose, yellow, greenish-yellow or purplish. Seeds 5–6 times; 3–4 mm., ovoid, minutely reticulate. Corona with the filaments in 4 or 5 rows, those of the 2 outer ones 1·5–2·5 cm. long, filiform or narrowly liguliform, crispate towards the apex, white, purple at base, those of the other rows 2–2·5 mm. long, linear or dentiform. Petals 2·5–3 × 0·5–0·7 cm., oblong, obtuse, white. Limen cupuliform, entire or crenulate. Operculum membranous, incurved, entire or shortly fimbriate. Sepals 3–3·5 × 1 cm., oblong, horned, green outside, white inside. Large herbaceous, glabrous (except ovary) perennial climber, up to 15 m. Leaf-lamina up to 13 × 15 cm., 3-lobed to below the middle of the lamina, the lobes 2–4 cm. wide, acute or acuminate, rarely subobtuse, serrate, rounded or shallowly cordate at base, subcoriaceous, pale green or yellow-green, glossy above, paler and not glossy beneath; petiole up to 4 cm. long, with 2 glands at the apex, the glands sessile or shortly stipitate; stipules c. 10 × 1 mm., linear-subulate, entire or minutely glandular-serrulate. Tendrils c. 10 cm. long, stout, simple. Peduncles up to 6 cm. long, stout. Bracts 2–2·5 × 1–1·5 cm., ovate, obtuse or acute at the apex, serrate, pectinate or almost lacerate, often glandular at margin. Flowers solitary, up to 7 cm. in diam. Ovary ovoid or globose, sericeo-tomentose or glabrous. Fruit 4–5 cm. in diameter, ovoid or globose, yellow, greenish-yellow or purplish. Seeds 5–6 times; 3–4 mm., ovoid, minutely reticulate. Corona with the filaments in 4 or 5 rows, those of the 2 outer ones 1·5–2·5 cm. long, filiform or narrowly liguliform, crispate towards the apex, white, purple at base, those of the other rows 2–2·5 mm. long, linear or dentiform. Petals 2·5–3 × 0·5–0·7 cm., oblong, obtuse, white. Limen cupuliform, entire or crenulate. Operculum membranous, incurved, entire or shortly fimbriate. Sepals 3–3·5 × 1 cm., oblong, horned, green outside, white inside. Large herbaceous, glabrous (except ovary) perennial climber, up to 15 m.