The World Flora Online

45. Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth, Catal. Bot. 1: 36(1797). Convolvulusnil L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 219 (1762). Lectotipo (designado por Verdcourt, (1957): Dillenius, Hort. Eltham. 1:96, t. 80, f. 91 (1732). Ilustr.: Standley y Williams, Fieldiana, Bot. 24: 44, t. 5 (1970). N.v.:Campanita, Ch; tumba vaqueros, campanilla, campana, G; itzotz-cabil, Y.

Por D.F. Austin, J.A. McDonald y G. Murguía-Sánchez.

Ipomoea hederaceaauct. non Jacq., Pharbitisnil (L.) Choisy.

Hierbastrepadoras, anuales, herbáceas; tallos hasta 3-4 m, volubles o postrados,híspidos, los pelos amarillentos. Hojas 5-15 × 2-14 cm, ovadas a más o menosorbiculares, enteras a 3-5-lobadas, hirsutas, el ápice acuminado.Inflorescencias en cimas dicasiales. Flores 1-4; sépalos 1.5-2.5(-3) cm, más omenos iguales, linear-lanceolados, ligeramente ovados en la base, la basedensamente híspida, los pelos amarillentos, híspidos o estrigosos en las partesdistales, o distalmente glabra; corola(2-)3-6 cm, infundibuliforme, morada a azul, a veces blanca o roja, eltubo blanco o amarillo por dentro, glabra. Cápsulas 8-12 mm, redondeado-deprimidas, pardas al secarse, glabras;semillas 1-4, 4-9 mm, piriformes, pardo oscuro o negras, densamentecortamente pubescentes. Matorrales y campos cultivados, áreas húmedas. Ch (Breedlove y Smith 22561, DUKE); Y (Espejo et al. 1258, MEXU); C (Espejo et al. 1210, MEXU); QR (Cabrera 16962, MEXU); B (Arnason y Lambert17248, MO); G (Davis 648, MO); ES (Castillo ISF00441, MO); N (Moreno 3975, MO); CR (Haber y Zuchowski8875, MO); P (Burch et al.1214, MO). 10-1800 m. (S. Estados Unidos, México [probablemente todos losestados], Mesoamérica, Colombia, Venezuela, Guayanas, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brasil,Argentina, Antillas; cultivada, introducida en el Viejo Mundo.)

Bejuco; tallos hirsutos a glabrescentes, sin raíces en los nudos. Hojas (2–)5–17 X 2–17 cm, ovadas a suborbiculares, cordadas en la base, acuminadas o (raramente) agudas en el ápice, no lobuladas ó 3–5-lobuladas, hirsutas a glabrescentes en ambas caras. Infls. de 1–3(–6) fls.; pedúnculo 1.5–10(–21) cm, cilíndrico, hirsuto a glabrescente; brácteas 3–20 mm, persistentes. Fls. con los sépalos subiguales, 15–25(–30) mm, lanceolados, angosta y largamente acuminados y no mucro- natos en el ápice, esparcida (rara vez) o densa y largamente hirsutos con tricomas amarillos, basalmente bulbosos, el margen gruesamente membranáceo; corola usualmente azul a morada o (a veces) blanca o roja (con el tubo blanco por dentro), 30–60 mm, en forma de embudo, glabra por fuera; estigmas trilobulados. Frs. 0.8–1.2 cm, subglobosos, glabros; semillas café oscuro, densa y cortamente pubescentes.

Herbs annual, twining, with retrorsely hirsute axial parts. Stems 2-5 m. Petiole 2-15 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate or nearly circular, 4-15 X 4.5-14 cm, hirtellous, base cordate, margin entire or ± 3- (or 5)-lobed, apex acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, 1- to few flowered; peduncle 1.5-18.5 cm; bracts linear or filiform, 5-8 mm, spreading hirtellous. Pedicel 2-7 mm. Sepals lanceolate, ± equal, 1-2.5 cm, abaxially spreading hirsute, subglabrous apically, with a linear acumen, hairs swollen based. Corolla pale to bright blue with whitish tube, fading to pinkish in age, funnelform, 5-6(-8) cm, glabrous. Stamens included, unequal. Pistil included; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed. Stigma 3-lobed. Capsule straw colored, ovoid to ± globose, 8-10 mm in diam., glabrous. Seeds black, ovoid-trigonous, 5-6 mm, gray puberulent. 2n = 30*.

Annual climbers, densely to scattered pubescent with large trichomes throughout. Leaves ovate to suborbicular, 5-15 cm long, entire or 3(-5)-lobed, basally cordate, the lobes apically acute to acuminate, pubescent. Flowers in 1-6 flowered cymes. Sepals long-lanceolate, 15-25 mm long, with linear-lanceolate apices, densely long-hirsute, at least at the base. Corolla blue (also purple or almost scarlet in cultivated varieties), throat white, 3-5 cm long. Fruit capsular, subglobose to globose, 8-12 mm long. Seeds pyriform, densely pubescent with short trichomes.

Root: type unknown. Stem: shoot twining; pith solid; latex absent. Leaf: petiole short; division simple/entire/3 5 lobate; form of the blade ovate/orbicular; form of the base cordate; form of the apex acute/acuminate; indumentum of the side adaxial hirsute; indumentum of the side abaxial hirsute. Inflorescence: bracteole(s) lanceolate/linear; type cyme/dichasium. Flower: sepal external equal the internal/ovate/lanceolate/hirsute; sepal apex acuminate; sepal internal ovate/lanceolate; corolla tube infundibular limb campanulate/median of the 2 up to 4.9 cm/large bigger than 5 cm; colour of the corolla pink pale/limb bluish and tube white; indumentum of the band mid-petalline bands glabrate. Seed: indumentum tomentose. Raiz: tipo desconocida(s). Tallo: ramo(s) voluble(s); medula sólida(s); latex ausente(s). Hoja: pecíolo(s) corto(s); división simples/entera/3 5 lobada(s); forma de la lámina(s) ovada(s)/orbicular(es); forma de la base cordada(s); forma del ápice(s) agudo(s)/acuminado(s); indumento de la face(s) adaxial hirsuto(s); indumento de la face(s) abaxial hirsuto(s). Inflorescencia: bracteola(s) lanceolada(s)/linear(es); tipo cima(s)/dicásio. Flor: sépala(s) externa(s) igual(es) las interna(s)/ovada(s)/lanceolada(s)/hirsuta(s); sépala(s) ápice(s) acuminado(s); sépala(s) interna(s) ovada(s)/lanceolada(s); corola tubo infundibuliforme(s) limbo campanulada(s)/mediana(s) de 2 hasta 4.9 cm/grande mayor(es) que 5 cm; color de la corola rosa claro/limbo azulado y tubo blanco; indumento de las area(s) mesopétalas glabra(s). Semilla: indumento tomentosa(s). Raiz: tipo desconhecida(s). Caule: ramo(s) volúvel(eis); medula sólida(s); látex ausente(s). Folha: pecíolo(s) curto(s); divisão simples/inteira/3 5 lobada(s); forma da lâmina(s) ovada(s)/orbicular(es); forma da base cordada(s); forma do ápice(s) agudo(s)/acuminado(s); indumento da face(s) adaxial hirsuto(s); indumento da face(s) abaxial hirsuto(s). Inflorescência: bractéola(s) lanceolada(s)/linear(es); tipo cimeira(s)/dicásio. Flor: sépala(s) externa(s) igual(ais) as interna(s)/ovada(s)/lanceolada(s)/hirsuta(s); sépala(s) ápice(s) acuminado(s); sépala(s) interna(s) ovada(s)/lanceolada(s); corola tubo infundibuliforme(s) limbo campanulado(s)/mediana(s) de 2 até 4.9 cm/grande maior(es) que 5 cm; cor da corola rosa claro/limbo azulado e tubo branco; indumento das área(s) mesopétalas glabra(s). Semente: indumento tomentosa(s). Raiz: tipo desconocida(s). Tallo: ramo(s) voluble(s); medula sólida(s); latex ausente(s). Hoja: pecíolo(s) corto(s); división simples/entera/3 5 lobada(s); forma de la lámina(s) ovada(s)/orbicular(es); forma de la base cordada(s); forma del ápice(s) agudo(s)/acuminado(s); indumento de la face(s) adaxial hirsuto(s); indumento de la face(s) abaxial hirsuto(s). Inflorescencia: bracteola(s) lanceolada(s)/linear(es); tipo cima(s)/dicásio. Flor: sépala(s) externa(s) igual(es) las interna(s)/ovada(s)/lanceolada(s)/hirsuta(s); sépala(s) ápice(s) acuminado(s); sépala(s) interna(s) ovada(s)/lanceolada(s); corola tubo infundibuliforme(s) limbo campanulada(s)/mediana(s) de 2 hasta 4.9 cm/grande mayor(es) que 5 cm; color de la corola rosa claro/limbo azulado y tubo blanco; indumento de las area(s) mesopétalas glabra(s). Semilla: indumento tomentosa(s). Raiz: tipo desconhecida(s). Caule: ramo(s) volúvel(eis); medula sólida(s); látex ausente(s). Folha: pecíolo(s) curto(s); divisão simples/inteira/3 5 lobada(s); forma da lâmina(s) ovada(s)/orbicular(es); forma da base cordada(s); forma do ápice(s) agudo(s)/acuminado(s); indumento da face(s) adaxial hirsuto(s); indumento da face(s) abaxial hirsuto(s). Inflorescência: bractéola(s) lanceolada(s)/linear(es); tipo cimeira(s)/dicásio. Flor: sépala(s) externa(s) igual(ais) as interna(s)/ovada(s)/lanceolada(s)/hirsuta(s); sépala(s) ápice(s) acuminado(s); sépala(s) interna(s) ovada(s)/lanceolada(s); corola tubo infundibuliforme(s) limbo campanulado(s)/mediana(s) de 2 até 4.9 cm/grande maior(es) que 5 cm; cor da corola rosa claro/limbo azulado e tubo branco; indumento das área(s) mesopétalas glabra(s). Semente: indumento tomentosa(s).

Terrícola

Liana/volúvel/trepadeira

Vines

pantropical in distribution.

Vines with large trichomes, annual, densely to scattered pubescent throughout. Leaves ovate to suborbicular, 5-15 cm long, entire or 3 (-5) -lobed, basally cordate, the lobes apically acute to acuminate, pubescent. Flowers in 1-5-flowered, often dense cymose clusters of mature and developing buds and flowers, sepals long- lanceolate, 15-25 mm long, with linear-lanceolate apices, densely long-hirsute; corolla blue, purple or almost scarlet, throat often white, 3-5 cm long, the limb 4-5 cm broad. Fruits capsular, subglobose to globose, 8-12 mm in diameter; seeds pyriform, densely pubescent with short trichomes.

The flowers pale blue in the morning turning bright pink or red-purple; with long narrow calyx-lobes The stems, etc., covered when young with spreading yellow hairs A twiner The stems, etc., covered when young with spreading yellow hairs A twiner

On fences in villages and in fields.

Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth, Catal. Bot. 1: 36. 1797; Convolvulus nil L.; Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy.

Trepadoras anuales; tallos herbáceos, volubles, densa a escasamente pubescentes con largos tricomas hirsutos. Hojas enteras a 3–5-lobadas, ovadas a suborbiculares, 5–15 cm de largo y de ancho, lobos agudos a acuminados en el ápice, cordadas en la base, hirsutas. Inflorescencias cimosas, raramente las flores solitarias; sépalos largamente lanceolados, 15–25 mm de largo, ápices linear-lanceolados, densamente largamente hirsutos al menos en el envés; corola infundibuliforme, 3–5 cm de largo, glabra, generalmente blanca o azul o purpúrea a casi roja. Frutos subglobosos a globosos, con frecuencia envueltos por los sépalos, 8–12 mm de largo y de ancho; semillas 7–11 mm de largo, piriformes, densamente puberulentas, café obscuras.

Común en matorrales y áreas cultivadas en todas las zonas del país; 0–1700 m; fl y fr durante todo el año; Castro 2275, Moreno 3975; Estados Unidos (Florida) hasta Sudamérica, también en las Antillas; introducida en el Viejo Mundo.

Annual; stems twining, bristly-pilose. Leaf-blade ovate, about 8 cm. long and 8 cm. broad, cordate at the base, 3-lobed, ± adpressed pilose above and beneath; lobes ± acuminate at the apex; petiole bristly, about 4 cm. long. Corolla magenta with paler tube, 6–7.5 cm. long. Flowers solitary or in lax few-flowered cymes; peduncle 4–5 cm. long; pedicels up to 1.2 cm. long. Sepals linear-lanceolate, 2.2–2.7 cm. long, 3.5 mm. wide at the base and 1.5–2 mm. wide above, long-attenuated at the apex, densely pilose with patent bristles at the base and with a few above together with much shorter pubescence. Leaf-blade ovate, about 8 cm. long and 8 cm. broad, cordate at the base, 3-lobed, ± adpressed pilose above and beneath; lobes ± acuminate at the apex; petiole bristly, about 4 cm. long. Corolla magenta with paler tube, 6–7.5 cm. long. Flowers solitary or in lax few-flowered cymes; peduncle 4–5 cm. long; pedicels up to 1.2 cm. long. Sepals linear-lanceolate, 2.2–2.7 cm. long, 3.5 mm. wide at the base and 1.5–2 mm. wide above, long-attenuated at the apex, densely pilose with patent bristles at the base and with a few above together with much shorter pubescence.

Twining annual herb. Leaves ovate to circular in outline, 3-lobed, cordate at base; middle lobe ovate to oblong, acuminate; lateral ones obliquely ovate to broadly falcate, acuminate. Sepals linear-lanceolate, 23-28 mm long, long-attenuate at apex, basal part alone bristly. Corolla 55-70 mm long. Flowers magenta with paler tube. Herbaceous annual. Stems usually twining, with retrorse hairs on stems and petioles. Leaves ovate to orbicular in outline, apex acuminate, base broadly cordate, entire or 3-lobed; margin entire; both surfaces thinly to densely pubescent; 40-140 x 30-130 mm; petiole 30-160 mm long. Inflorescence a 1- to few-flowered umbellate cyme; peduncle hirsute, 20-120 mm long; bracteoles 5-10 mm long; pedicels 5-10 mm long, hairy. Sepals subequal, up to 35 mm in fruit, linear-lanceolate, apex long-attenuate, basal portion densely and patently hirsute. Corolla funnel-shaped, glabrous, 50-90 mm long, 40-70 mm wide, pale to bright blue turning purple or reddish magenta, rarely white, always paler outside. Capsule ovoid to globose, apiculate, glabrous, 8-15 mm long. Seeds up to 6.5-8.0 mm long, black, puberulous. Herbaceous annual. Stems usually twining, with retrorse hairs on stems and petioles. Leaves ovate to orbicular in outline, apex acuminate, base broadly cordate, entire or 3-lobed; margin entire; both surfaces thinly to densely pubescent; 40-140 x 30-130 mm; petiole 30-160 mm long. Inflorescence a 1- to few-flowered umbellate cyme; peduncle hirsute, 20-120 mm long; bracteoles 5-10 mm long; pedicels 5-10 mm long, hairy. Sepals subequal, up to 35 mm in fruit, linear-lanceolate, apex long-attenuate, basal portion densely and patently hirsute. Corolla funnel-shaped, glabrous, 50-90 mm long, 40-70 mm wide, pale to bright blue turning purple or reddish magenta, rarely white, always paler outside. Capsule ovoid to globose, apiculate, glabrous, 8-15 mm long. Seeds up to 6.5-8.0 mm long, black, puberulous.

Distinguished from the closely related I. purpurea and I. indica by its sepals with narrow elongate green tips much longer than the body and sepals which are hispid-pilose on the back, the hairs mostly with swollen bases.

Several cultivars often planted as ornamentals in warm and temperate regions and then becoming naturalised on waste ground, grassland and in secondary thickets. Woodland, grassland and waste ground. Woodland, grassland and waste ground.

Only one naturalised record from the Kaokoveld, Namibia, also from tropical Africa. Apparently cultivated only in the Kwazulu-Natal coastal area.

Subwoody, twining, pilose vine to 5 m long, not producing milky sap; stems cylindrical, slender, densely covered with reflexed yellowish hairs. Leaf blades 4.5-13.3 x 5.7-15 cm, chartaceous, deeply 3-lobed, the lobes ovate to lanceolate, with acuminate apex, the base cordate or deeply cordate; petioles slender, 2.5-8 cm long. Flowers in simple dichasia or sometimes solitary on peduncle; peduncle as long as the petioles or shorter. Calyx light green, hirsute at base, with 5 equal, lanceolate sepals, 2-3 cm long; corolla funnel-shaped, 4-4.5 cm long, light blue, lavender or fuchsia, with white tube, the lobes rounded; stamens and pistil white and included. Capsule thin-walled, nearly globose, ca. 5 mm long, straw-colored, glabrous, with persistent sepals. Seeds ca. 4 mm long, blackish brown, with a few grayish hairs.

Capsule ovoid to globose, glabrous. Corolla funnel-shaped, magenta with paler tube, 5·5–7 cm. long, glabrous. Seeds black, puberulous. Leaf lamina ovate to circular in outline, 3-lobed, up to 14 × 13·5 cm., cordate at the base, more or less appressed pilose above and beneath; middle lobe ovate to oblong, acuminate, lateral ones obliquely ovate to broadly falcate, acuminate; petiole up to 8 cm. long, bristly. Stems twining, bristly-pilose. Sepals linear-lanceolate, 2·3–2·8 cm. long, long-attenuated at the apex, densely pilose with patent bristles at the base and a few above together with much shorter pubescence. Flowers solitary or in lax few-flowered cymes; peduncle up to 7 cm. long, hirsute like the stems; bracteoles linear to filiform, 5–10 mm. long; pedicels up to 10 mm. long, retrorsely hairy. Ornamental herbaceous annual. Corolla funnel-shaped, magenta with paler tube, 5·5–7 cm. long, glabrous. Seeds black, puberulous. Leaf lamina ovate to circular in outline, 3-lobed, up to 14 × 13·5 cm., cordate at the base, more or less appressed pilose above and beneath; middle lobe ovate to oblong, acuminate, lateral ones obliquely ovate to broadly falcate, acuminate; petiole up to 8 cm. long, bristly. Stems twining, bristly-pilose. Sepals linear-lanceolate, 2·3–2·8 cm. long, long-attenuated at the apex, densely pilose with patent bristles at the base and a few above together with much shorter pubescence. Flowers solitary or in lax few-flowered cymes; peduncle up to 7 cm. long, hirsute like the stems; bracteoles linear to filiform, 5–10 mm. long; pedicels up to 10 mm. long, retrorsely hairy. Ornamental herbaceous annual.