The World Flora Online

2. Hemionitis palmata L., Sp. Pl. 1077 (1753). Lectotipo (designado por Proctor, 1985): Plumier, Descr. Pl. Amér. t. 33, f. 1 (1693).

Por T.A. Ranker.

Rizoma erecto; hojas estériles y fértiles subdimorfas; hojas estériles 3-18 cm, arrosetadas, horizontales; pecíolo 1-10 cm, castaño, peloso; lámina palmata- o pedatamente 3-5-lobada, los lobos principales apicalmente redondeados, pelosos, los tricomas multicelulares, aciculares, la nervadura central oscura, evidente, ramificada hacia los lobos mayores; nervaduras anastomosadas en toda la lámina; hojas fértiles erectas, más largas que las hojas estériles, por lo demás, similares; pecíolo hasta 25 cm. T (Cowan 3165, MO); Ch (Breedlove 40166, MO); Y (Gaumer 1072, UT); B (Schipp 250, MICH); G (Ortíz 404, MO); H (Nelson y Romero 4610, MO); ES (Standley 19894, GH); N (Standley 9822, F); CR (Weber 6132, MICH). 100-1000 m. (México, Mesoamérica, Colombia, Venezuela, Guayanas, Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Brasil, Antillas.)

Esta especie ha sido mencionada como diploide (2n=60) en Oaxaca (Smith y Mickel, 1977), Jamaica (Walker, 1966) y Trinidad (Jermy y Walker, 1985).

Caule: rizoma(s) ereto(s)/com/escama(s)/com margem(ns)/inteira. Folha: fronde(s) palmada(s); nervura(s) areolada(s). Tipo de esporângio: leptosporângio pedicelada(s)/glabro(s). Esporângio: ânulo vertical/sem indúsio/glabro(s). Esporo: trilete equinado(s). Stem: rhizome erect/with/scale/with margin/entire. Leaf: frond palmate; veins areolate. Type of sporangium: leptosporangium pedicellate/glabrous. Sporangium: annulus vertical/without indusium/glabrous. Spore: trilete echinate. Tallo: rizoma(s) erecto(s)/con/escama(s)/con margen(es)/entera. Hoja: fronde(s) palmada(s); nervura(s) areolada(s). Tipo de esporangio: leptosporángio pedicelada(s)/glabro(s). Esporangio: ánulo vertical/sin indusio/glabro(s). Esporo: trilete equinado(s). Stem: rhizome erect/with/scale/with margin/entire. Leaf: frond palmate; veins areolate. Type of sporangium: leptosporangium pedicellate/glabrous. Sporangium: annulus vertical/without indusium/glabrous. Spore: trilete echinate. Tallo: rizoma(s) erecto(s)/con/escama(s)/con margen(es)/entera. Hoja: fronde(s) palmada(s); nervura(s) areolada(s). Tipo de esporangio: leptosporángio pedicelada(s)/glabro(s). Esporangio: ánulo vertical/sin indusio/glabro(s). Esporo: trilete equinado(s).

Terrícola

Erva

Hemionitis palmata L., Sp. Pl. 1077. 1753. Fig. 64 D, E.Rizoma erecto; hojas estériles y fértiles subdi­morfas; hojas estériles 4–12 cm de largo, arrosetadas, horizontales, más bien divergentes y laxas, pecíolo casi tan largo como la lámina, café, tricomatoso, lámina palmada o pedadamente 3–5-lobada, los lobos principales redondeados; hojas fértiles 10–30 cm de largo, pecíolo 2 a más veces la longitud de la lámina, café, tricomatoso, lámina palmada a pedadamente 3–5-lobada, los lobos principales con ápices agudos, márgenes crenulados, con tricomas multi­celu­lares en regular abundancia sobre la super­ficie foliar y los márgenes, yemas prolíferas frecuen­tes en los senos de las crenulaciones y de los lobos laterales; nervios completamente areolados.Laderas rocosas o lodosas; Araquistain 3263, Stevens 21327; 100–1100 m; México a Bolivia y Brasil, Cuba y Trinidad. NT

Terrestrial, in soil on moist rocky slopes in mesic forests; Cuicatlán, Ixtlán, Ju-chitán, Juquila, Tuxtepec; 60-1000 m. Mexico (Col, Gro, Tam, SLP, Ver, Pue, Oax, Chis, Tab, Yuc); Guat to Pan; WI, Trin; Col to Guy, to Bol & Braz. Terrestrial, in soil on moist rocky slopes in mesic forests; 60-1000 m. Mexico; Guat, Bel, Hond, Salv, Nic, CR, Pan; Cuba; Col, Ven, Trin, Guy, Sur, Fr Gui, Ec, Peru, Braz, Bol. Common on shaded earth banks or humus in secondary humid forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A2595), Cinnamon Bay along North Shore Road (A3518). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola; Greater and Lesser Antilles, Trinidad, and continental tropical America from Mexico to Bolivia. Terrestrial, in soil on moist rocky slopes in mesic forests; 60-1000 m. Mexico; Guat, Bel, Hond, Salv, Nic, CR, Pan; Cuba; Col, Ven, Trin, Guy, Sur, Fr Gui, Ec, Peru, Braz, Bol. Common on shaded earth banks or humus in secondary humid forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A2595), Cinnamon Bay along North Shore Road (A3518). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola; Greater and Lesser Antilles, Trinidad, and continental tropical America from Mexico to Bolivia.

Rhizomes erect, 2–3 mm diam.; rhizome scales linear, concolorous, light brown, 4–5 x 0.8 mm; fronds 7–27 cm long, clumped, dimorphic, the sterile much shorter and spreading with rounder lobes, the fertile fronds about twice as tall as the sterile ones; stipes 1/2–5/6 the frond length, to 1.8 mm diam., castaneous, grooved to flattened adaxially, with narrow, light brown scales, those at base grading into multicellular, acicular or capitate hairs and short glandular hairs 0.1 mm; blades palmate with 3–5 acute lobes, 4.5–10 cm wide; margins crenulate, not recurved, with buds in the larger sinuses, but usually only one developing into a new plant (under exceptionally high humidity buds sometimes also developing in many of the minor notches); veins netted without included veinlets, the five major veins dark; adaxial and abaxial surfaces pilose with jointed, somewhat curved, multicellular, acicular hairs 1–1.5 mm long; sori along all veins; spores light yellow-orange; 2n=60 (Oax, CR, Jam). Terrestrial fern 10-20(-35) cm tall. Rhizome short, suberect, 0.5-1 cm thick, loosely clothed with tawny, linear-attenuate scales. Fronds somewhat dimorphic; sterile fronds short-stipitate, spreading or nearly prostrate, with blades 3- or 5-lobed, the lobes short, round or acutish; fertile fronds rigidly erect, 15-35 cm long; stipes much longer than the blades, dark purple-brown, deciduously villous with lax or retrorse pericellular hairs. Blades pentagonal in outline, 5-15 cm long and broad, 3-partite, the distal portion ovate to oblong-lanceolate and coarsely lobed below the acute apex; basal segments inequilateral, forked near the base (rarely tripartite), the upper division larger, both similar in outline to the apical division; veins usually dark brown on lower surface; tissue sparsely hirsute on upper surface, densely hirsute beneath. Rhizome short, suberect, 0,5-1 cm thick, laxly clothed with tawny, linear-attenuate scales. Fronds several, subdimorphic, the sterile ones short-stipitate, spreading or nearly prostrate, with blades 3- or 5-lobed, the lobes short, rounded or acutish. Fertile fronds rigidly erect, 15-35 cm long; stipes much longer than the blades, dark purple-brown, deciduously villous with lax or retrorse pluricellular hairs. Blades pentagonal in outline, 5-15 cm long and broad, 3-partite, the distal portion ovate to oblong-lanceolate and coarsely lobed below the acute apex, a scaly viviparous bud usually bome at one side of the base of this portion; basal segments inequilateral, forked near the base (rarely tripartite), the upper division larger, both similar in outline to the apical division; costae dark brown abaxially, at least toward proximal end of each. Tissue sparsely hirsute adaxially, freely so beneath. Rhizome erect, 2-3 mm diam.; rhizome scales linear, stramineous, 4-5 mm long, 0.8 mm wide; fronds 7-27 cm long, 4.5-10 cm wide, clumped, dimorphic, the sterile much shorter and spreading with rounder lobes, the fertile fronds about twice as tall as the sterile ones; stipe ½-5/6 the frond length, to 1.8 mm diam., castaneous, grooved to flattened on upper surface, with narrow, light brown scales, those at base grading into multicellular sharp-pointed or capitate hairs and short (0.1 mm) glandular hairs; blade palmately pinnatifid with 3-5 acute lobes; margin crenu-late, not recurved, buds in the larger sinuses but usually only one developing into a new plant (under exceptionally high humidity buds sometimes in many of the minor notches as well); veins netted without included veinlets, the five major veins dark; upper and lower surfaces pilose with jointed, somewhat curved, multicellular, sharp-pointed hairs 1.0-1.5 mm long; sori along all veins; spores light yellow-orange. Terrestrial fern 10-20(-35) cm tall. Rhizome short, suberect, 0.5-1 cm thick, loosely clothed with tawny, linear-attenuate scales. Fronds somewhat dimorphic; sterile fronds short-stipitate, spreading or nearly prostrate, with blades 3- or 5-lobed, the lobes short, round or acutish; fertile fronds rigidly erect, 15-35 cm long; stipes much longer than the blades, dark purple-brown, deciduously villous with lax or retrorse pericellular hairs. Blades pentagonal in outline, 5-15 cm long and broad, 3-partite, the distal portion ovate to oblong-lanceolate and coarsely lobed below the acute apex; basal segments inequilateral, forked near the base (rarely tripartite), the upper division larger, both similar in outline to the apical division; veins usually dark brown on lower surface; tissue sparsely hirsute on upper surface, densely hirsute beneath. Rhizome short, suberect, 0,5-1 cm thick, laxly clothed with tawny, linear-attenuate scales. Fronds several, subdimorphic, the sterile ones short-stipitate, spreading or nearly prostrate, with blades 3- or 5-lobed, the lobes short, rounded or acutish. Fertile fronds rigidly erect, 15-35 cm long; stipes much longer than the blades, dark purple-brown, deciduously villous with lax or retrorse pluricellular hairs. Blades pentagonal in outline, 5-15 cm long and broad, 3-partite, the distal portion ovate to oblong-lanceolate and coarsely lobed below the acute apex, a scaly viviparous bud usually bome at one side of the base of this portion; basal segments inequilateral, forked near the base (rarely tripartite), the upper division larger, both similar in outline to the apical division; costae dark brown abaxially, at least toward proximal end of each. Tissue sparsely hirsute adaxially, freely so beneath. Rhizome erect, 2-3 mm diam.; rhizome scales linear, stramineous, 4-5 mm long, 0.8 mm wide; fronds 7-27 cm long, 4.5-10 cm wide, clumped, dimorphic, the sterile much shorter and spreading with rounder lobes, the fertile fronds about twice as tall as the sterile ones; stipe ½-5/6 the frond length, to 1.8 mm diam., castaneous, grooved to flattened on upper surface, with narrow, light brown scales, those at base grading into multicellular sharp-pointed or capitate hairs and short (0.1 mm) glandular hairs; blade palmately pinnatifid with 3-5 acute lobes; margin crenu-late, not recurved, buds in the larger sinuses but usually only one developing into a new plant (under exceptionally high humidity buds sometimes in many of the minor notches as well); veins netted without included veinlets, the five major veins dark; upper and lower surfaces pilose with jointed, somewhat curved, multicellular, sharp-pointed hairs 1.0-1.5 mm long; sori along all veins; spores light yellow-orange.