The World Flora Online

Shrubs, trees, or sometimes herbs, sometimes scrambling or scandent, sometimes armed, with aromatic volatile oils contained in glands visible at surface of at least leaves, young branchlets, inflorescences, flower parts, fruit, or cotyledons in seed. Stipules absent [or stipular excrescences rarely present]. Leaves alternate, opposite [or whorled], simple (petiole neither apically swollen nor articulate with leaf blade), 1-foliolate (in individual specimens at least some 1-foliolate leaves with petiole apically swollen and/or articulate with leaf blade), or variously compound. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, usually 3-5-merous, actinomorphic or rarely zygomorphic, hypogynous [or rarely perigynous]. Perianth in 2 series, with clearly differentiated calyx and corolla or sometimes in 2 irregular series or 1 series, with ± undifferentiated tepals. Sepals distinct or connate to their full length. Petals distinct [or rarely coherent or connate for part of their length]. Stamens usually as many as or 2 × as many as petals or sometimes more numerous; filaments distinct or sometimes coherent or connate for at least part of their length; anthers introrse or sometimes latrorse, longitudinally dehiscent. Disk [rarely lacking] within androecium, nectariferous, flattened, annular, cup-shaped, pulvinate, or sometimes columnar, bell-shaped, conic, or hourglass-shaped. Gynoecium of 1-5 distinct 1-loculed carpels or 2 to many partially to completely connate carpels; placentation axile [very rarely becoming parietal]; ovules 1 to many per locule. Fruit of 2-5 follicles [drupes or samaras] or a single follicle, capsule, or berry [or samara]. Seeds with relatively large embryo; endosperm present and fleshy or lacking.

Fruit baccate, drupaceous or coriaceous, rarely a capsule Seeds with or without endosperm Ovules often 2, superposed Stamens the same or double the number of the petals, rarely numerous, free or rarely united; anthers 2-celled, introrse, opening lengthwise Petals imbricate, rarely valvate, mostly free Ovary superior, syncarpous and often 4–5-celled, or the carpels free (secondary apocarpy); styles free or connate Disk usually present within the stamens Leaves simple or compound, mostly gland-dotted; stipules absent Shrubs or trees, rarely herbs Sepals 4–5, imbricate, free or connate Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, actinomorphic Seeds with or without endosperm Ovules often 2, superposed Stamens the same or double the number of the petals, rarely numerous, free or rarely united; anthers 2-celled, introrse, opening lengthwise Petals imbricate, rarely valvate, mostly free Ovary superior, syncarpous and often 4–5-celled, or the carpels free (secondary apocarpy); styles free or connate Disk usually present within the stamens Leaves simple or compound, mostly gland-dotted; stipules absent Shrubs or trees, rarely herbs Sepals 4–5, imbricate, free or connate Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, actinomorphic

Fls perfect or unisexual, usually hypogynous and regular and 4–5-merous, with distinct pet; stamens usually as many (and alternate with) or twice as many as the pet, the filaments often connate below; nectary-disk intrastaminal, sometimes unilateral, sometimes modified into a gynophore; ovary plurilocular, often apically indented, or the carpels sometimes distinct except for the coherent styles; ovules ± epitropous, (1)2 (–several) in each carpel on axile (or marginal) placentas; embryo large, spatulate or sometimes linear, with 2 cotyledons; endosperm oily or wanting; plants commonly with secretory cavities containing aromatic ethereal oils scattered throughout the parenchymatous tissues, the lvs pellucid-punctate, exstipulate, usually pinnately compound or dissected or trifoliolate. 150/1500, mostly of warm reg.

Flowers bisexual or unisexual by abortion and dioecious, actinomorphic Inflorescence variable, but mostly of panicles, racemes or cymose clusters Sepals (2–)4–5, free or united towards the base, usually imbricate in bud Petals (0–)4(–8), free and usually imbricate Leaves simple, trifoliolate, pinnately or palmately compound, spicy-aromatic when crushed; lamina dotted with pellucid glands (at least along the margin) Trees or shrubs, rarely suffrutices or perennial herbs, sometimes armed with spines or prickles Ovary superior; carpels 1–5(–15) or rarely more, free below or completely united; ovules 1–several in each locule; placentation usually axile; style usually 1; stigma 1, capitate and large Fruit a berry or drupe, 1–4–many-locular with 1–8-seeded locules, or a 5–8-locular capsule with 2–many-seeded locules, rarely 1-seeded follicle Stamens 3–10(–40), usually as many as or twice as many as the petals; filaments free or united into groups, inserted at the base of a disk; anthers 2-thecous A pistillode sometimes present in ? flowers; staminodes sometimes absent in ? flowers Seeds oblong, reniform or rounded; endosperm often absent Inflorescence variable, but mostly of panicles, racemes or cymose clusters Sepals (2–)4–5, free or united towards the base, usually imbricate in bud Petals (0–)4(–8), free and usually imbricate Leaves simple, trifoliolate, pinnately or palmately compound, spicy-aromatic when crushed; lamina dotted with pellucid glands (at least along the margin) Trees or shrubs, rarely suffrutices or perennial herbs, sometimes armed with spines or prickles Ovary superior; carpels 1–5(–15) or rarely more, free below or completely united; ovules 1–several in each locule; placentation usually axile; style usually 1; stigma 1, capitate and large Fruit a berry or drupe, 1–4–many-locular with 1–8-seeded locules, or a 5–8-locular capsule with 2–many-seeded locules, rarely 1-seeded follicle Stamens 3–10(–40), usually as many as or twice as many as the petals; filaments free or united into groups, inserted at the base of a disk; anthers 2-thecous A pistillode sometimes present in ? flowers; staminodes sometimes absent in ? flowers Seeds oblong, reniform or rounded; endosperm often absent

Arbres , arbustes parfois sarmenteux ou lianes, fréquemment épineux ou aiguillonnés; aiguillons souvent présents sur le tronc, les rameaux, les feuilles ou l'inflorescence; écorce, feuillage, fleurs et fruits souvent odorants.'Feuilles'alternes, exceptionnellement opposées, sans stipules, pari- ou imparipennées, 1-3-foliolées ou simples; pétioles et rachis parfois largement ailés-foliacés; limbe entier ou crénelé-denté, à ponctuations translucides parfois limitées aux bords.'Inflorescences'terminales ou axillaires, le plus souvent paniculées et ± amples ou cymeuses et fasciculées.'Fleurs'petites, pédicellées ou sessiles, ☿ ou ♂ ♀, 4-5-mères; sépales imbriqués, libres ou connés; pétales imbriqués, rarement valvaires, généralement libres; étamines en nombre égal ou double de celui des pétales ou 6, généralement libres; anthères 2-loculaires, à déhiscence longitudinale; disque souvent présent; gynécée à ovaire supère, syncarpe et 4-5-loculaire ou apocarpe; styles libres ou soudés; ovules 2, plus rarement 1 ou plus de 2 par loge superposés.'Fruits'syncarpes bacciformes, drupacés ou capsulaires ou apocarpes charnus et déhiscents à maturité, à péricarpe souvent ponctué de cellules oléifères.'Graines avec ou sans endosperme.\n\t\t\tFamille pantropicale comprenant ± 145 genres et 1600 espèces; au Congo belge, 10 genres, 35 espèces et 3 variétés.\n\t\t\tLes espèces fruitières du genre'Citrus'L. sont fréquemment représentées dans les villages. Certaines espèces décoratives se retrouvent dans les stations ou agglomérations :'Murraya paniculata'(L.) Jack,'Atalantia buxifolia Oliv.

Stamens as many as or twice as many as the petals, free or rarely numerous and in phalanges, inserted at the base of a disk; anthers 2-lobed at the base, sometimes with an apical gland; staminodes well-developed or vestigial or absent Leaves simple or pinnate or (1) 3-foliolate; lamina dotted with pellucid glands all over the surface or on the margin only Trees or shrubs, rarely suffrutices or perennial herbs, with odoriferous oil-glands, sometimes armed with prickles or spines Flowers (2–3) 4–5-merous, actinomorphic, bisexual or unisexual by abortion and dioecious Inflorescences of panicles, racemes, cymose clusters or glomerules, terminal, axillary, or terminal and axillary, sometimes also on older leafless branches Petals free, imbricate or rarely valvate Sepals free or united, usually imbricate Fruit baccate or drupaceous, 1–4-locular (1–3 loculi abortive), with 1-seeded loculi, or a 5-locular capsule with 2-seeded loculi, or 2-locular with 5–6-seeded loculi, or rarely a 1-seeded follicle Ovary vestigial in the male flowers, in the female flowers of a single carpel which is sessile, subsessile or stipitate, 1-locular and 2-ovulate, or of 2–5 (7) carpels united for their full length and sessile or on a short or long gynophore, or slightly united at the base and by the stigma (otherwise free), each carpel 1-locular and 2-ovulate, or rarely 1–? ovulate; style long or short or absent, terminal or lateral; stigma capitate or discoid, ± deeply lobed Seeds oblong, reniform or rounded; endosperm present or absent Leaves simple or pinnate or (1) 3-foliolate; lamina dotted with pellucid glands all over the surface or on the margin only Trees or shrubs, rarely suffrutices or perennial herbs, with odoriferous oil-glands, sometimes armed with prickles or spines Flowers (2–3) 4–5-merous, actinomorphic, bisexual or unisexual by abortion and dioecious Inflorescences of panicles, racemes, cymose clusters or glomerules, terminal, axillary, or terminal and axillary, sometimes also on older leafless branches Petals free, imbricate or rarely valvate Sepals free or united, usually imbricate Fruit baccate or drupaceous, 1–4-locular (1–3 loculi abortive), with 1-seeded loculi, or a 5-locular capsule with 2-seeded loculi, or 2-locular with 5–6-seeded loculi, or rarely a 1-seeded follicle Ovary vestigial in the male flowers, in the female flowers of a single carpel which is sessile, subsessile or stipitate, 1-locular and 2-ovulate, or of 2–5 (7) carpels united for their full length and sessile or on a short or long gynophore, or slightly united at the base and by the stigma (otherwise free), each carpel 1-locular and 2-ovulate, or rarely 1–? ovulate; style long or short or absent, terminal or lateral; stigma capitate or discoid, ± deeply lobed Seeds oblong, reniform or rounded; endosperm present or absent